当 as 用作介词表示“作为”时,它引出的介词短语的逻辑主语需要与句子主语保持一致吗?比如下面的句子符合语法吗?
As a student, your work is to study hard.
As a student, it is not polite to say that to your teacher.
第1问:“当 as 用作介词表示“作为”时,它引出的介词短语的逻辑主语需要与句子 主语保持一致吗?”
答:不一定。as后如果指人的身份、职业等,那么通常与主语相对应,但也可能出现下列 现象:
(1) 与宾语相对应,如:
As a teacher, it's important that the kids take you seriously.(a teacher与主语从句中的宾语you对应)
(2) 与主语的一部分相关,如 :
As a biologist, my main interest has been human genetics.(biologist 与 my main interest 不对应,但my与 I 相关)
(3) 与主语从句中的主语相对应,如:
As a pastor, it can be argued he has no equal.(a pastor 与主语 it 不对应,但与从句中的主语he对应)
(4) 与定语从句中的主语相对应,如:
As a novice writer, this is something I'm interested in.(a novice writer与主语 this 不对应,但与定语从句的主语 I 对应)
(5) 跟句中的任何成分都不对应,如:
As a professor of biology, it is important to zeep / stay in touch with the latest research.
如此等等不一而足,其中最频繁出现的是(2)中介绍的情况,例如你所问的第一句。
如果as 后是sth,与主语不对应的情况就更多更复杂了,在此不举例了。
第2问:As a student, your work is to study hard.和 As a student, it is not polite to say that to your teacher 符合语法吗?
答:这与语法基本无关,而是习惯用法问题。但这两个句子都是正确的、地道的。前一句与上文解答(2)中讲到的情况相同;后一句与上文解答(5)中的例句(摘自韦氏高阶英语词典)结构相似。
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当 as 用作介词表示“作为”时,它引出的介词短语的逻辑主语需要与句子主语保持一致吗?比如下面的句子符合语法吗?
As a student, your work is to study hard.(属于部分对应)
As a student, it is not polite to say that to your teacher.(属于部分对应)
回答如下:
as +名词 构成介词短语作状语,相当于when/while引导的时间状语从句,其逻辑主语一般都是后面句子的主语.
可以把以上句子改为
As a student, you should work hard.(完全对应)
=When you are a student, you should work hard.
As a student, you politely say to your teacher.
When you are a student, you politely say to your teacher.(完全对应)
还有下面完全对应例句
(1)As a cub reporter, he would learn the facts of life in the newspaper world.
when/while he was a cub reporter, he would learn the facts of life in the newspaper world.
作为一名初出茅庐的记者,他要了解报界生涯的内幕。.(完全对应)
(2)As a child,he lived in Japan. (完全对应)
=When/while he was a child, he lived in Japan
他小的时候住在日本。
(3)As a schoolboy,he showed every sign of genius.(完全对应)
=When/While he was a schoolboy, she showed every sign of genius.
当他还是个小学生的时候,就显示出了天资聪慧。
下面关于不是完全对应例句
As a policeman, my job is to protect the people and their belongs.
As a teacher, it is my duty to convey knowledge to my students.
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