如何判断一个句子是虚拟条件句和还是推测条件句

徐广联老师著《大学英语语法讲座与测试》中提到虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中,非真实条件句包括虚拟条件句,推测条件句和错综时间条件句等。书中例举了这样两个例子:

与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句:If it were to snow tomorrow, I should (would) stay at home.

推测条件句:If I were to see him, I would speak to him about it.

疑问:我就分不清这两句哪个是虚拟条件句,哪个是推测条件句,感觉这两句结构一模一样,如何区分呀?语法书上(表示与将来相反的虚拟条件句)和(推测条件句)结构相同,都是如下结构:从句为一般过去式 / were to do / should+原型,主句用 would+动词原形,一模一样,看不出有何区别?

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最佳答案 2018-01-21 22:14

徐广联老师著《大学英语语法讲座与测试》中提到虚拟语气用在非真实条件句中,非真实条件句包括虚拟条件句,推测条件句和错综时间条件句等。书中例举了这样两个例子:

与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句:If it were to snow tomorrow, I should (would) stay at home.

推测条件句:If I were to see him, I would speak to him about it.

疑问:我就分不清这两句哪个是虚拟条件句,哪个是推测条件句,感觉这两句结构一模一样,如何区分呀?语法书上(表示与将来相反的虚拟条件句)和(推测条件句)结构相同,都是如下结构:从句为一般过去式 / were to do / should+原型,主句用 would+动词原形,一模一样,看不出有何区别?

【答】根本不用细分,不用区别,其实都一样,不要把简单的问题搞复杂了。都是虚拟语气,都是表示“将来不可能发生或实现”的虚拟语气,谈不上“相反”二字,只是可能性极小,这属于表述不当,“下雪天”的反义应是“烈日炎炎的三伏天”,明天可能有吗?所以,即便是虚拟语气,也不建议使用“相反”二字。以下几种表达都正确:

If it were to snow tomorrow, I would stay at home.

If it should snow tomorrow, I would stay at home.

If it snowed tomorrow, I would stay at home.

If I were to see him, I would speak to him about it.

If I should see him, I would speak to him about it.

If I saw him, I would speak to him about it.


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  • tanyong1126 提出于 2016-04-14 09:28

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