【1】He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather.他不顾生病和恶劣天气去上班了。
=When he went to work ,he was sick and despite nasty weather.
备注:sick and despite nasty weather用来描述谓语动词动作发生时主语所处于的状态(即处于生病和不顾恶劣天气状态),【sick为形容词,despite为介词】
sick and despite nasty weather可以按照以下2个观点进行理解
【1】方式状语:以带着生病和不顾恶劣天气方式去上班。
【2】主语补足语:去上班的时候,是处于生病和不顾恶劣天气状态。
特别备注:在传统语法里,主语补足语是主动语态中宾语补足语的被动结构称呼。
例如 He found the dog dead(dead作宾语补足语)He dog was found dead(dead作主语补足语)
【2】 He couldn’t stand unaided on the soft sand.他不能容忍/忍受无助躺在柔软的沙滩上。
=He couldn't stand(being省略) unaided on the sofa sand
备注:stand doing sth容忍做某事,可以理解为unaided前省略being
She couldn't stand being kept waiting.叫她等着,她会受不了。
How do you stand him being here all the time?他老在这儿,你怎么受得了呢?
I can't stand people interrupting all the time.我不能容忍老有人打岔。
备注:unaided on the soft sand是省略动名词being结构,加being为动名词作宾语,如果没有being可以按照状语理解 stand当容忍讲,后面接动名词作宾语。