关于 as for 与
as to 的区别,很麻烦,看了好多资料,越看越糊涂!
前面黎老师引用了赵振才的《英语常见问题解答大词典》解答,但远远不能解决实际问题。https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/26577
请教各位专家老师!能不能介绍一个“简单实用好操作”的区分方法?谢谢老师!
给你一个“简单实用的方法”,不知是否能解决你的疑虑:
as to和as for的区别主要存在于它们表示“至于”时,对吧?
简单地说,用于句首表示“至于”时,as to和as for都可以用,其细微区别是:若回提旧信息,多用 as to(也可以用 as for,但相对较少见);引出新的情况,多用 as for(也可以用 as to,但相对较少见)。
I have two good friends: Jim is clever and active, and kind to everyone. As to Jack, he is quiet and often feels shy in front of strangers. ——回提旧信息,多用 as to(其实也可以用 as for)。
He is a very good person, but as for his advice, I had to say it is not so useful. ——引出新信息,多用 as for(其实也可以用 as to)。
as to除表示“至于”外还可表示“关于”,此时不可以用 as for——两者意思都不同,自然不存在弄混的问题。
There is some doubt as to his true identity. 关于他的真实身份有引起怀疑。
No one seems to have a clue as to the bomber’s identity. 关于放置炸弹者的身份似乎无人能够提供线索。
I have no opinion as to the result. 对于这样的结果,我没有了主意。
Baldwin enlightened her as to the nature of the experiment. 鲍德温给她讲解了这个实验的性质。
Experts hold varying opinions as to the causes of the disease. 专家们对该病的起因各持己见。
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比较赞成千千学堂老师的解释。提供点素材,参与一下,仅供参考。
赵振才教授是十分严谨的学者,他的论述一般都是有理有据的,他对“as to和as for(至于;就…而论)区别”的解释应该源于F.T.Wood和Randolph Quirk:
As to (when used correctly) 'pick up' something which has already been mentioned or which is presumed to be already in the mind of the speaker and of the person to whom the remark is addressed. When we wish to introduce something new, or an issue that has not already been raised, as for is used.(Wood)
As for, on the other hand, introduces a topic transition, so it cannot normally occur at the beginning of a discourse. It has the meaning of 'returning to the question of', and is less formal than the other complex prepositions denoting respect.(Quirk)
薄冰教授和司树森教授,在他们合著的《英语词汇疑难用法解答》第三辑中,对“as for和as to(至于;就…而论)”给出了这样的结论意见:
as for一般位于句首,意为“至于,就…而论”,常用来表示前文未提到过的事物(但也有用以表示前文已提到过的事物的情况)。as to位于句首时,其意为“至于,就…而论”,常用于表示前文已提到过的或是已被料到的事物(但也有表示前文未提到过的事物的情况)。as for较as to更加具有强调的意味,而且可有轻蔑、消极、不甚重要等含义。(这里的轻蔑之意可以溯源“There is a predisposition for initial as for to indicate a contemptuous attitude.”(Quirk))。此外,在《薄冰英语惯用法词典》里也有同样的说法:as for和as to都可以表示“至于,就…而论”,用于介绍新话题或对已谈过的事作进一步的说明。不过,似乎《薄冰英语惯用法词典》并非薄冰教授亲编,据说是多部惯用法辞书的拼凑整合之物。不过,其内容还是很有参考价值的。
薄冰教授和司树森教授的上述说法,《A Dictionary of English and American Usage》编译本持相同意见:
as for与as to都具有“至于,就…而论”这个意思,复述已说过的事情,或以新的事情帮助说明已说过的事情,这两种情况二者均可使用,没有实质性的区别,要至于句首,构成独立的介词短语。
此外,as to还有“关于(about)”,“与…成比例(in proportion to)”,“根据,按照(according to)”这样的意思。例如:
1. They are quarrelling as to which is right.(《巧解君之疑》p.197)
2. Transport rates vary both as to distance and as to weight.(《英语词汇疑难用法解答》p.35)
3. correct as to size and colour(夸克《英语语法大全》9.57节)
下面从方便区分和理解的角度出发,考虑这么记忆:
1. 从形式上看:
1)位于句首(包括分句句首)时as for和as to都可以用;
2)位于句中时只能用as to。
2. 从意思上看:
1)as for和as to都可以表示“说到某某”、“至于某某”(包括某某人、某某事、某某物等)——从意思上可以发现,这时是用来引出话题,所以置于句首。
例如“说到汤姆,他过得不错”:
As for / As to Tom, he is doing fine.
2)as to还可以表示“与……有关”、“在……方面”等,类似about。
例如“他不知道该走哪条路→在走哪条路这个问题上,他拿不准)”:
He was uncertain as to which road to take.
总之,as to可以包含as for的意思,此外还有别的意思。所以,as for可以用as to代替,as to不一定能用as for代替。
以上的总结不太严谨,仅供参考,可以在此基础上进行更为细致深入的区分,比如as to比as for更正式一些等。
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