6 a brief period lying 有错吗(a brief period后面能直接动名词吗)

前面有网友提了一个问题:

https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/60080/answer/68069

'Rest', in terms of muscle relaxation and so on, can be achieved by a brief period lying, or even sitting down. The body's tissues are self-repairing and self-restoring to a degree, and function best when more or less continuously active.

参考译文:“休息”,从使肌肉得到放松等方面来看,只要稍微躺一躺,甚至坐一坐就能达到。人体组织在一定程度上有自我修补和自我恢复的能力,有张有弛地连续活动时,其功能最佳。

问题:为何period后不加of?

 

好题老师认为:a brief period lying 是对的,认为 period 是所有格 period’s 的省略。

陈才老师认为:a brief period lying 是错的,认为 period 不能看作是所有格 period’s 的省略。

但是,两位老师都没有提供权威依据,想听听好题老师和陈才老师以及更多其他专家老师的分析,谢谢!

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4 个回答

胡德忠  
擅长:英语

一、个人看法:

我不知道陈才老师说的【超出中国英语应试教育考试范围知识以下可能是正确的:a brief period lying】是根据什么标准判断的?你说的中国英语应试教育考试范围知识是根据什么来确定的?我建议没有明确依据不要随便下这样的结论,有时感觉你就是中国英语应试教育考试范围知识的标准制定者,动不动就说超出中国考试的认知范围,不知底细的网友,会以为你的话有多权威,其实这样是很害人的!

二、问题出处:

我从网上查了一下,网友的这个句子来自《新概念英语》第四册第19课(完整内容见后面所附),所以这个句子的正确性是不用怀疑的,也就是说 a brief period lying 的用法肯定是正确的。a brief period lying 是否超出了中国英语应试教育考试的知识范围?我不知道!也没有找到权威的依据!但我想问的是:你知道《新概念英语》在我国的影响有多大吗?下面的内容是我从网上找的: 

attachments-2022-10-dAAfOLpv634f81bfbdc17.png

三、补充例证:

为了印证《新概念英语》上这个用法的正确性,我还可以提供一本权威词典(《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》)的例句: 

attachments-2022-10-IeR4YGi8634f820177e99.png

四、一点说明:

所以我建议您为网友解答问题还是严谨一点,谦虚一点,多向曹老师、好题老师、凡哥老师等学习,错了就了,不要强找理由挽回面子,真没必要。其实,我对陈老师本人并没什么意见,但我确实不太认可陈老师的答题风格,同时也是为了维护网站的权威性,写了这些内容,不当之处请陈老师谅解,同时接受各位网友的批评!

五、出处附件:

附《新概念英语》第四册第19课内容(翻译也是网上找的):

Lesson 19 The stuff of dreams 话说梦的本质

It is fairly clear that the sleeping period must have some function, and because there is so much of it the function would seem to be important. 很清楚,睡眠必然具有某种作用。睡眠占去那么多时间,所以其作用似乎还很重要。

Speculations about its nature have been going on for literally thousands of years, and one odd finding that makes the problem puzzling is that it looks very much as if sleeping is not simply a matter of giving the body a rest. 人们对睡眠作用的种种猜测,确实已有数千年之久。一项使人对这个问题感到困惑的奇怪的发现是,睡眠在很大程度似乎并不仅仅是为了使身体得到休息。

“Rest”, in terms of muscle relaxation and so on, can be achieved by a brief period lying, or even sitting down. “休息,从使肌肉得到放松等方面来看,只要稍微躺一躺,甚至坐一坐就能达到。

The body’s tissues are self-repairing and self-restoring to a degree, and function best when more or less continuously active. 人体组织在一定程度上有自我修补和自我恢复的能力,有张有弛地连续活动时,其功能最佳。

In fact a basic amount of movement occurs during sleep which is specifically concerned with preventing muscle inactivity. 事实上,睡眠状态下仍有着基本的活动量,以防止肌肉活动停止。

If it is not a question of resting the body, then perhaps it is the brain that needs resting? 如果睡眠的功能不是在于使身体得到休息,那么也许是让大脑得以休息?

This might be a plausible hypothesis were it not for two factors. 若不是下面两点,这种假使似乎是有道理的。

First the electroencephalograph (which is simply a device for recording the electrical activity of the brain by attaching electrodes to the scalp) shows that while there is a change in the pattern of activity during sleep, there is no evidence that the total amount of activity is any less. 第一点,脑电图记录仪(不过是一种把电极接到头皮上记录脑电活动的仪器)显示,人在睡眠时大脑活动的方式有变化,但没有迹象表明,其活动总量有任何减少。

The second factor is more interesting and more fundamental. 第二点更有意思,也更重要。

Some years ago an American psychiatrist named William Dement published experiments dealing with the recording of eye-movements during sleep. 前些年,美国一位名叫威廉德门特的精神病学者发表了一项实验报告,报告中记录了眼球在睡眠时的活动情况。

He showed that the average individual’s sleep cycle is punctuated with peculiar bursts of eye-movements, some drifting and slow, others jerky and rapid. 他指出,平常人的睡眠周期中不时伴有一阵阵奇怪的眼球队活动,这些活动有的飘忽而缓慢,有的急剧而快速。

People woken during these periods of eye-movements generally reported that they had been dreaming. 在眼球活动期间被叫醒的人都说自己在做梦。

When woken at other times they reported no dreams. 在其他时间叫醒他们,则说没有做梦。

If one group of people were disturbed from their eye-movement sleep for several nights on end, and another group were disturbed for an equal period of time but when they were not exhibiting eye-movements, the first group began to show some personality disorders while the others seemed more or less unaffected. 如果有两组人,一组人连续几夜在眼球队活动时被叫醒;另一组人也是连续几夜被叫醒,但是在眼球没活动时被叫醒的。结果,第一组人开始出现性格失常,而第二组人似乎没受什么影响。

The implications of all this were that it was not the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but the disturbance of dreaming. 这一切暗示我们:睡眠受到干忧没关系,而做梦受到干忧是有问题的。

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好题  
擅长:英语

这属于很常见的用法,甚至是中学的知识点。表示时间的名词短语可以直接后接动名词。如After three years living in America, 因为网友的疑问是为什么period不用of, 所以我在解答中告知网友可以理解为a brief period's lying (down). 省略所有格的用法。如果使用of 也对,但属于另外一种用法了。在时间短语后接动名词省略所有格是现代英语常见用法,如果不省略所有格也可以,但比较过时。所以网友句子中的 after a brief period lying (down) 完全正确,是现代英语用法,如果用所有格a brief period's lying,就不太常见了,因为过时了。我给大家看几个国外英语图书中的例句,大家自己比较体会一下:

attachments-2022-10-qPVkS4g0634f42517b7f9.png

attachments-2022-10-YoPWuOK2634f421f284eb.png

attachments-2022-10-RRs3i5Wa634f42960386e.pngattachments-2022-10-rP84gVaD634f42bf7b8de.png

attachments-2022-10-hu3y2m3a634f41b7a5b52.png

attachments-2022-10-XcxB4oSX634f418ee1bff.png

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alex119   - 工程师
擅长:英语

这虽然是一个新概念4上的一个老问题,但是一直没看到好的语法解释。可以明确说明的是:a brief period of lying down当然是可以的,而没有ofa brief period lying down也没错。看到大家在那争论,有些跑题了,之前就说过,内卷确实没意义,我们需要的是有意义的外卷。问题倒很简单:a brief period lying down到底是什么语法结构,它与a brief period of lying down是否有区别,如果有,区别在哪里?对此我想说说自己的理解,供大家琢磨。

Quirk5.118节和17.108节有提到:

With temporal nouns in the plural, the apostrophe is sometimes omitted (cf 17.108):

several weeks (weeks') vacation.这两种都可以。

依据此是否可以类比得出a brief period lying downperiod后省略了's?对此我持怀疑态度,因为a brief period形式上不同于several weeks,这是其一;其二是似乎并没有见到a brief period's lying down这样类似的描述,当然,类似以下这样的描述倒是有:

two weeks’ living in the country,这里的动名词living实际上已经彻底名词化了。

但是也有two weeks (of) living in the country的描述(of可以有也可以无),不一定是省略了's,也许这就是其完整形式。

我觉得还是得寻找另一些解释。

Jespersen在名著“A Modern English Grammar on Historical Principles”第4卷的12.2(4)中写道:

Similarly with expressions denoting, the time occupied by something, we find (1) in + ing, (2) 0f + ing, (3) on + ing, a + ing, (4) ing.

他提到的第(4)类时间名词+V-ing也是指the time occupied by something,这就表明a brief period lying down中的a brief periodlying down修饰的对象,我们可以从以下几个例句中看出确实是这么回事:

1.A period living in Los Angeles followed and then she moved to Australia with her first husband Ricky Fataar, a musician with the Beach Boys, and had her daughter, Paloma.

2.Apart from a brief period living in England while her father studied at Reading University, Thura and her sisters - Aula, seventeen, and Sama, seven-have spent their whole lives in Baghdad.

3.Her two years in Australia and a brief period living in Auckland had not diminished her love for her home.

4.I remember long periods sitting around in doctors' offices waiting to get shots.

有人说,这是否是V-ing作为后修饰,你硬要这么理解也行,只是若是后修饰,请问这是属于V-ing的哪一种后修饰,是同位语吗?这下犯难了......。其实时间名词+V-ing的句法形式很早就有,一直延续至今。

可以确定地说a brief period lying down中的主导成分是a brief period,而a brief period of lying down的结构其主导成分是lying downof前的a brief period修饰的是lying down。简而言之这是两种句法结构,虽然都能用,但句法上并不一样。

最后附上一些有of和没of的例句供大家琢磨:

5.After a brief period of living in flimsy huts, the inhabitants built solid houses of mud, then other buildings of stone.

6.After a brief period of living in Stockholm and Copenhagen, the Rachmaninoff family moved to the United States.

7.After a brief period of living in Canton, China, with her husband, she got a divorce and returned to the United States with the goal of continuing her education.

8.After a short period living in New York, and some years traveling in Europe and Asia, Merrill purchased a house in Stonington, Connecticut, and settled there.

9.Early fitting, a few days after amputation and before healing has occurred, is undoubtedly preferable, since it gets the patient upright after only a short period lying down.

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陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

对于网友提的问题,我的观点如下供网友参考:

【一】在中国英语应试教育考试知识范围之内以下都是正确的。

1lying for a brief period

【备注:for a brief period为介词短语修饰动名词lying表示动名词动作持续时间长度】

2a brief period’s lying

【备注:period's 为名词所有格,修饰限定后面动名词lying,表示动名词动作持续时间长度】

3a brief period of lyingof lying为介词短语修饰名词period

【二】超出中国英语应试教育考试范围知识以下可能是正确的。

1a brief period lying

【备注:一些英文报刊,英语杂志,英文小说,英语新闻的英语句子中出现英语语法观点可能超出英语应试考试知识范围】

【三】不管是超出考试知识范围还是在考试知识范围之内以下都是正确的,可以放心使用。

1lying for a brief period

2a brief period’s lying

3a brief period of lying

温馨提示:如果是在校学生,尽量使用考试范围之内的3种表达,以免可能会被判为错误导致丢分影响成绩,影响升学。

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  • 丁江朋   提出于 2022-10-19 07:15

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