4 动名词完成式不能作主语吗

Henry doesn't seem like the same person.

______ so much in the war has made him more thoughtful.

A. For him to see

B. His seeing

C. Having seen

D. To be seeing

请问如何选?

有人认为不能选 C,原因是动名词没有完成式;也有人认为动名词的完成式不能作主语。

是这样吗?

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最佳答案 2022-10-29 01:28

网友的这道题答案只能选 C,即本题答案只能用动名词的完成式作主语。原因是:see so much in the war 这个动作发生在谓语动作之前,所以要用完成式 Having seen so much in the war。注意体会以下类似例句(动名词完成式作主语):

Having missed the opportunity made him overcome with regret. 他错过了机会,后悔不已。

Having studied biology is an important qualification for the study of agriculture. 学过生物学是学习农业的一个重要条件。

Having mastered the various uses of the finite verb is a prerequisite to the study of the verbals. 已经熟练了限定动词的各种用法是学习非限定动词的先决条件。

至于另外三个选项,由于它们均不能表示先于谓语动作发生,所以都不行。

选项A如果改为不定式的完成式(For him to have seen)也可以(由于句意明确,其中的for him也可以省略)。类似的例句如:

For her to have survived such an ordeal was remarkable. 她经历了那样的苦难活下来了,真不简单。

选项B如果改为不定式的完成式(His having seen)也可以(由于句意明确,其中的 His 也可以省略)。类似的例句如:

His having left made her feel very desolate. 他走了,她感到很凄凉。

选项D如果改为不定式的完成式(To have seen)也可以。类似的例句如:

To have been beaten in the home match was a disgrace to them. 在主场比赛中被击败是他们的耻辱。

关于动名词的完成式作主语,下面引用一本语法著作中的例句(截图):

attachments-2022-10-EDWt7YMq634abce0809e6.jpg

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  • 江小花   提出于 2022-10-15 20:39

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