do so用法一般语法书讲替代重复部分,这里的“重复”值得思考一下,为了理解do so的内涵,我们先看新概念英语do so两个句子:
1.While John Gilbert was in hospital, he asked his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful, but the doctor refused to do so.当约翰。吉尔伯特住院的时候,他问医生他的手术是否成功,但医生拒绝告诉他。
2. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so。到了夜晚,你真想睡了,却很难入睡。
句子1,讲吉尔伯特住院的时候,他想知道他的手术是否成功,那自然是反反复复地,经常性地,纠缠着医生问,在这个反反复复地,纠缠着问的过程中,医生拒绝告诉他,这里的do so有替代重复部分语法功能,但是它的深层含义重复意味着反反复复地,意味着一个过程,f结合这句话,这个过程指得是他反反复复地问医生他的手术是否成功的,用do so 放大了“问”的反反复复的重复。
句子2,到了夜晚,你真想睡了,却很难入睡,作者用do so描述,刻画了一个人在夜晚失眠的情景,想睡的过程反反复复的重复,这个过程是多么痛苦。
我在外研社出版牛津书虫见过下边的句子:
3。 We tried to go to sleep but it was four hours before we did so。我们想合眼就睡,可足足有四个小时才迷糊着了。
4.We walked down to the hill to the boats and ,as we did so,the doctor told Silver and his sttory.我们下山向小船走去,一路上,大夫给我们讲了的故事。
句3和句2有异曲同工,句4在and ,as we后面用did so重复叙述了下山向小船走去的过程,描述这个过程中发生了一件事,就是讲故事,注意译文“一路上”很到位。
问题中的shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so.so只替代了switching to trucks or….这部分是对的,它暗示在于铁路方面的抬价还价中,一方铁路方面坚持要(原句中用they argue表达了这个意思)charged all customers the same average rate,另一方运货商反反复复地坚持要switching to trucks or other forms of transportation (用卡车或者其他运输方式)。文中用do so很好地表达了这个意思。
do so在具体的上下文,替代重复部分,凸显反反复复地,经常性地,在这个过程当中,传达出某种情感,观点,看法,或者描述某一个情景。比如:
We still think it a miracle that they we able to do so.至今我们仍认为这是个奇迹
这是新概念英语第3册Our neighbour, the river课文结尾一段,这里用do so再一次重复上文的内容,作者发出感叹至今我们仍认为这是个奇迹。好好体会一下do so,它高度浓缩了上文描述情景,不是具体替代某个词语。