我最近在学新编《新编英语语法教程》,在书中提到的动词词组的概念是:
动词词组是以主动词(Main Verb)为中心词的词组。动词词组可能只包括一个主动词或者主动词带修饰语,这叫做“简单动词词组”(Simple Verb Phrase)。例如:
She looks pale.
John arrived last night.
They fully appreciate our problems.
We utterly detested him.
动词词组也可以由一个或一个以上的助动词加主动词构成,这叫做“复杂动词词组” (Complex Verb Phrase) a Wilty:
It is getting dark.
She ought to have told him about it.
The children might have been playing in the garden.
复杂动词词组也可带有修饰语。例如:
Joan will certainly object and so will Mary.
I have rarely reviewed a more dishonest book.
He may really have injured innocent people
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在之前的学习中例如look after/take off 这类动词+介词的类型应该是动词短语,那么在句子成分的分析中怎么分析动词词组、动词短语和短语动词呢?
解答如下:仅供参考!
【一】动词词组:带有修饰词的动词叫作“动词词组”即带有状语修饰语的动词称作为动词词组。
The dog died suddenly yesterday.这条狗昨天突然死了。
备注(1):died suddenly yesterday叫作动词词组。
备注(2):suddenly修饰谓语动词died作方式状语。
备注(3):yesterday修饰谓语动词died作时间状语。
【二】动词短语:后面带有名词和介词的动词叫作“动词短语”即由动词+名词+介词构成的叫动词短语:
take the place of 代替;take care of 照顾/照看
These new facilities will take the place of the old ones.
这些新设备将代替那些旧的。
I will take care of them to the best of my abilities.
我将尽我所能地照顾他们。
备注:动词短语:短语为中心词,动词为修饰词。
【三】短语动词:由动词+介词或者由动词+小品副词构成叫短语动词。look after照顾; take off 脱掉
Mary looked after her sick mother at home yesterday.【look after 为动词+介词 结构】
玛丽昨天在家照顾她生病的妈妈。备注:动词+介词结构,其宾语只能放在介词后面。
She took off her spectacles. 她摘下了眼镜。【take off为动词+副词结构】
备注:动词+小品副词结构,其宾语可以放在副词后面也可以放在副词前面,如果是代词只能放在中间。
备注:短语动词,动词为中心词,短语为修饰词。
温馨提示:以上解答仅是个人观点和理解。仅供参考!
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