老师您好!双宾语用的介词有的动词用to ,有的动词用for ,有的动词既可以用for ,又可以用to,这些有规律还是固定用法?
例如:
用 to 的:give a pen to me ,show the book to me
这类动词有:send, bring, sell等
用for的:buy a beautiful skirt for her, play the pipa for my mother
这类动词有teach, cook make, cut, draw, thank等
既可以用for, 又可以用to :sing a song to sb, sing a song for sb;read sth to sb,read sth for sb
如:The mother is reading a story to her young children.
【一】表示动作“承受对象”用 to 的:give a pen to me ,show the book to me有:send, bring, sell
【二】表示动作“受益人”用for的:buy a beautiful skirt for her, play the pipa for my mother这类动词有teach, cook make, cut, draw, thank等
【三】表示动作“承受对象和受益人”既可以用for, 又可以用to :sing a song to sb, sing a song for sb;read sth to sb,read sth for sb
【1】当表示动作的承受“对象”时,使用介词“to”
【1】give sb sth=give sth to sb给某人某物/把某物给某人
【2】send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 送给某人某物/把某物送给某人
【3】teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb.教某人某物/把某物教给某人
【4】tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事/把某事告诉给某人
【5】sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 卖给某人某物/把某物卖给某人
【6】show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人展示某物/把某物展示给某人看
备注:介词to后接动作承受对象,描述动态画面。
【2】当表示动作的“受益人”时,使用介词“for”
【1】buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 买给某人某物/为某人买某物
【2】choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 选给某人某物/为某人选某物
【3】cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 煮给某人某物/为某人煮某物
备注:介词for后接动作的受益人,描述静态画面。
【1】接双宾语移位时用介词to的最常见的14个及物动词(14个动词)
【1】give sb sth=give sth to sb给某人某物/把某物给某人
【2】send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 送给某人某物/把某物送给某人
【3】teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb.教某人某物/把某物教给某人
【4】tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事/把某事告诉给某人
【5】sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 卖给某人某物/把某物卖给某人
【6】show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 给某人展示某物/把某物展示给某人看
【7】write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 写给某人某物/把某物写给某人
【8】email sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 用电邮发给某人某物/用电邮把某物发给某人
【9】read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 读给某人听某物/把某物读给某人听
【10】return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 还给某人某物/把某物还给某人
【11】bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 带给某人某物/把某物带给某人
【12】offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 提供某人某物/把某物提供给某人
【13】pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 递给某人某物/把某物递给某人
【14】pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 支付给某人某物/把某物支给某人(钱)
【2】接双宾语移位时用介词for的最常见的8个及物动词(8个动词)
【1】buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 买给某人某物/为某人买某物
【2】choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 选给某人某物/为某人选某物
【3】cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 煮给某人某物/为某人煮某物
【4】find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 找给某人某物/为某人找到某物
【5】draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 画给某人某物/为某人画某物
【6】make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 做给某人某物/为某人做某物
【7】sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 唱给某人某物/为某人唱某物
【8】get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 拿给某人某物/为某人拿某物
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嗯,用for还是用to,有个比较简单的判断方法。如果东西要到你手上,动作才算完成,用 to,否则用for:
把笔“给”你,这支笔要到你手上,“给”这个动作才算完成,所以是 give a pen to you.
“买”裙子给你,裙子无需到你手上,只要我付了钱,把裙子买下来,“买”这个动作就已经完成,所以是buy a skirt for you.
会选用for 和 to 了,就没必要去背那些既可以用for又可以用to的动词了。如果还是犯糊涂,那最保险的做法就是不要颠倒双宾语的位置,一律先间宾后直宾,省去介词选择的麻烦:
give me a pen
buy me a skirt
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