【句1】With a lot of problems to settle, the president is having a hard time.
【句2】With the experiments carried out, we started new studies.
句1 with 独立主格结构中逻辑主语是主句的主语the president,句2 with 独立主格结构中的逻辑主语是分句的名词experiments ,想请教各位老师,为什么句1中的非谓语不能定为problems,变成With a lot of problems to be settled, the president is having a hard time.
【句1】With a lot of problems to settle, the president is having a hard time.
为什么句1中的非谓语不能定为problems,变成With a lot of problems to be settled, the president is having a hard time.
【答】这里的 to settle 是动词不定式作定语,其中心词 problems是该不定式动作的接受者,是不定式的逻辑主语,在这种结构中,不定式后面不能接宾语,而且不定式要用主动形式表示被动意义。例如:
With so much work to do, I am afraid I shall have no time to visit her. 因为有许多工作要做,恐怕我没有时间拜访她。(摘自赵俊英《现代英语语法》p.418)