各位老师好,对于分词作状语,何时应用having done、何时不可,我有一些疑问:
一、"Working hard over the last several years, Li Dan has expanded her business to include agritourism."
这一句中用working而非having worked作状语,是否是因为having done形式仅用于状语部分动词明显发生在主句之前的情况、与是否有完成时标志无关?
二、那么以下几句是仅能用done / having been done中的一种形式,还是两者均可呢?能否请老师们具体分析一下?
1. Translated / Having been translated into more than 30 languages, the book is very popular in many countries.(“答案”为Translated)
2. Caught / Having been caught in a heavy rain, my daughter had a bad cold and I asked for a leave to take care of her.(“答案”为Caught)
3. Invited / Having been invited to Helen's birthday party, Jackson is now searching shop after shop for a suitable present for her.(“答案”为Having been invited)
4. Discussed / Having been discussed many times, the problems were settled at last.(“答案”为Discussed)
一、现在分词的一般式和完成式均可以表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作,但也还是有一定的区别。和一般式相比,完成式更强调动作的完成,一般式所表示的动作虽然可以先于谓语动作,但是时间间隔很小或没有时间间隔,二者的动作几乎为同时发生。而完成式的动作和谓语动作有一定的时间间隔;完成式指的是非谓语动词动作,而完成时是谓语动词的动作,二者并无太大关联。
二.1.这本书被翻译成三十多种语言之后,就风靡一些国家了。这里“被翻译”的动作和“流行”的动作间隔很小。
2.女儿患了重感冒,所以“我”立刻请假照顾她。二者的动作几乎为同时发生的。
3.邀请发生找商店之前,被邀请”的动作和“寻找”的动作之间有这着很明显的时间间隔。
4.在讨论之后,问题就迎刃而解了。很小的时间间隔。