好题分享(14)：be accustomed to do/doing 哪个正确

《朗文常见错误词典》第6页accustom 词条指出：

be accustomed to 后不能接动词不定式。

原文为：be accustomed to doing sth (NOT to do).

例句：He was accustomed to leading a life of luxury.

朗文、剑桥、韦氏高阶、麦克米伦等词典也给出相似解释，即 to 后接动名词或名词。但是，M. Swan:《牛津英语用法指南》国际版第105词条指出be accustomed +Ving或不定式都可以。该书例句：

I'm not accustomed to giving / give personal information about myself to strangers.

请问如何理解这两个不同说法？

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分类：惯用法

最佳答案 2022-03-13 06:17

朗文、剑桥、韦氏高阶、麦克米伦等都是国外比较权威的词典。但是《牛津英语用法指南》也是很权威的，书中指出：

（在 be accustomed to等）这类词语或表达方式之后，一般既可以用-ing形式，也可以用动词不定式，意思没有明显区别。

I'm not accustomed to giving / give personal information about myself to strangers. 我不习惯将我的个人情况告诉陌生人。

在COCA中也可以找到很多be accustomed to doing和be accustomed to do的句子，但前者明显比后者多，这说明随着语言的不断发展和变化，英语国家对接不定式是持肯定态度的。

所以我认为，两种说法我们都接受，但尽可能多用to doing，少用to do（如《英汉多功能词典》说：▲偶尔有人用to do，但学生不宜模仿）。

实际上，国内辞书大都接受接不定式的说法。如葛传槼《英语惯用法词典》上说：

accustomed后面接不定式也有，例如：I am accustomed to do hard work. 接to和动名词也很普通，跟接不定式意思相同，例如：I am accustomed to doing hard work.大概说简单的行为多用to和动名词，说复杂些的行为多用不定式，例如：

I am accustomed to riding.

I am accustomed to ride for an hour every morning.

I am accustomed to speaking English.

I am accustomed to speak English in public.

▲再给几个be accustomed to do的词典例句：

be accustomed to work (或to working习惯于努力工作)《新英汉词典》

The child was accustomed to have her way.这孩子任性惯了。《现代英汉词典》

She belongs to that class of people who are accustomed to have their own way. 她属于我行我素的那类人。（薄冰《英语惯用法词典》）

She was not accustomed to be away from home for so long. 离家这么久她不习惯。（张道真《英语常用动词用法词典》）

He was accustomed to sleep for an hour after his lunch. 他习惯于在午餐后睡一个小时。《21世纪英汉汉英双向词典》

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曾克辉 -

擅长：英语考试 | 采纳率 54% | 回答于 2022-03-12 18:35

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刘冬 2022-03-12 23:36

原因就是有人把介词to和不定式符号to用混淆了，慢慢地大家接受了。类似这样的情况还有：

1. consent to doing sth./to do sth.

a.My father could not consent to my leaving school.我父亲不同意我辍学。(《英语搭配大词典》,王文昌主编,p.356)

b.Will you consent to give/giving him another chance?你同意再给他一次机会吗? (《英语惯用法词典》,葛传椝编著,p.140)

2. commit oneself to doing sth/to do sth.

a. I have committed myself to helping him. 我已保证要帮助他。(《英语搭配大词典》,王文昌主编,p.317)

b.He has committed himself to support them. 他答应负担他们的生活。(《英语常用动词用法词典》,张道真编著,p.145)

3.be used to doing sth和 be used to do sth(后者出现得极少，不被接受，多举些例子)

a.I am used to go about alone.

b.I am used to shoot for the pot.[a.b均来自《现代英语用法词典修订版》p1739 ]

c.The bits, the nose-rings, the dog-chains, the cruel knives with which Mr. jones had been used to castrate the pigs and lambs, were all flung down the well.

d. It was noticed that They wagged their tails to him in the same way as the other dogs had been used to do to Mr. Jones.

e. ...while His favourite sow appeared in the watered silk dress which Mrs. Jones had been used to wear on Sundays.

f...and this sudden uprising of creatures whom they were used to thrashing and maltreating just as they chose, frightened them almost out of their wits.[c.d.e.f.均来自《动物庄园》，这四个例句说明他经常混淆两个不同的to]

好题分享(14)：be accustomed to do/doing 哪个正确

最佳答案 2022-03-13 06:17

其它 1 个回答

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