3 I have a key to open the door. 这个句子正确吗
偶然在本网看到一个网友提问的句子:
I have a key to open the door.
https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/28770
我也查了一下类似问题的解答，发现大家普遍认为key to opening the door 准确，因为to 是介词。我觉得I have a key to open the door.这个句子没问题，这里是不定式的用法。不知大家有什么看法？
最佳答案 2022-01-31 18:05
I have a key to open the door.的说法是现代英语中常见的用法，应该没有错。这里to open the door 为不定式，表示目的。I have a key to open the door with. 的说法也符合语法，但很少有人这样用了。a key to opening the door的用法也是正确的，也在普遍使用，例如：Please realize that your creativity is a key to opening the door of the Fun Department.
经查，《牛津英语用法指南》一书的102（3）词条，碰巧对网友的这个问题做出了解释：
102（3）purpose: a key to open the door
An infinitive can be used after a noun, or an indefinite pronoun like something, to explain the purpose of a particular thing: what it does, or what somebody does with it. The noun or pronoun can be like the subject of the infinitive.
Have you got a key to open this door? (The key will open the door.)
It was a war to end all wars. I'd like something to stop my toothache.
以上部分为该书的原文。
请注意我觉得当key不表示钥匙，而表示“关键”等类似含义时，后面的to为介词，一般后接名词或动名词。例如：The key to writing fiction is to make something that you would want to read. （free dictionary例句）
现另提供几个语料库的例句供参考：
1. People should have a key to open the door to enter the house.
2. Maggie used the entrance key to open the door.
3. You don't need a key to lock most doors from the inside.
其它 2 个回答
如果中心词是作定语的动词不定式（短语）所示动作的地点、方式、工具等，应该在该动词不定式后面使用适当的介词。“开门的钥匙”的含义是，钥匙是用来开门的工具。所以：
I have a key to open the door.（错误）
I have a key to open the door with.（正确）
（to open the door with是动词不定式短语作后置定语）
I have a key to opening the door .（正确）
（to opening the door 是介词短语作后置定语）
Most doors have locks that require a very specific key to open them. -- Huffington Post
"We must have the keys to open the house of France, to open it halfway, to close the door". -- The New Yorker
"All the windows are closed, and the political elite has no keys to open them," says Raid Nairat, an academic. ---The Economist
一家之言，仅供参考；勤查英英，必有所获。
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