How well can you understand the lecture transcript about the behind-the-scenes aspects of film-making?
这是高中英语新教材译林版必修2第1单元的句子(p14)。
请专家老师介绍一下behind-the-scenes(幕后的;不公开的;秘密的)这样的构词法。谢谢!
1. behind-the-scenes与behind the scenes
如果你知道 behind the scenes(秘密地,在幕后)这个介词短语,你就容易知道 behind-the-scenes(幕后的;不公开的;秘密的)的意思了。比较:
The workers behind the scenes have made the event a success. 幕后的工作人员促成了此次活动的成功。
They made the deal behind the scenes. 他们秘密地做了这笔交易。
We were taken behind the scenes to see the making of the movie. 我们被带到后台观摩电影制作。
She won the nomination after a lot of behind-the-scenes politicking. 她通过大量的幕后政治活动获得了提名。
There has been a lot of behind-the-scenes lobbying for more money. 为筹集更多资金,已经做了大量的幕后游说工作。
She exerted a lot of behind-the-scenes influence when the project was being planned. 在这一项目的策划过程中,她施展了强大的幕后影响力。
2. 相关语法规则
根据英语语法,介词短语是不能放在名词前作定语的,若语境需要这样用,其中的一个办法就是将这个介词短语通过连字符转化为复合形容词,然后放在名词前作定语。又如:
Doctors must provide a round-the-clock service. 必须昼夜不停地有医生应诊。
Doctors can often give on-the-spot treatment. 医生常常会当场进行治疗。
She has an off-the-wall sense of humor. 她有一种不同寻常的幽默感。
He lives in some out-of-the-way village. 他住在一个偏僻的村子里。
He has all sorts of out-of-the-way knowledge. 他有许多各式各样离奇古怪的知识。
All our employees get on-the-job training. 我们所有的雇员都会得到在职培训。
They face tough across-the-board budget cuts. 他们面临严峻的全面预算削减。
We’ve put a deposit on a round-the-world tour. 我们已支付了环球旅行的订金。
She received a serious jaw injury in an off-the-ball incident. 她在无球跑位时出了事,下颌受了重伤。
再拓展一下,英语的任何短语都不能用作前置定语,若语境需要这样用(当然也要符合英语的使用习惯),其中的办法也是将这个短语通过连字符转化为复合形容词,然后放在名词前作定语。如:
He is known as a dyed-in-the-wool conservative. 他被认为是彻头彻尾的保守分子。
The new phone system uses state-of-the-art technology. 新的电话系统采用最先进的技术。
Six years ago, she went cold turkey on a four-pack-a-day smoking habit. 六年前,她彻底戒除了一天四包烟的烟瘾。