2 并列谓语的时态不一致的疑惑
People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot be eaten. If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a great delicacy. You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive. On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat -- the normally accepted practice in many northern countries. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.
No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail. Cooked in wine, snails are a great luxury in various parts of the world. There are countless people who, ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food. My friend, Robert, lives in a country where snails are despised. As his flat is in a large town, he has no garden of his own. For years he has been asking me to collect snails from my garden and take them to him. The idea never appealed to me very much, but one day, after heavy shower, I happened to be walking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several dozen, put them in a paper bag, and took them to Robert. Robert was delighted to see me and equally pleased with my little gift. I left the bag in the hall and Robert and I went into the living room where we talked for a couple of hours. I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish. I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantly followed Robert out of the room. To our dismay, we saw that there were snails everywhere: they had escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall! I have never been able to look at a snail since then.
这是新概念3-23课，
请教老师几个问题：
1）The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.
这句话为什么用and 连接的2个并列谓语，一个用了现在完成时，而另一个却用了一般现在时呢？ 另外，这里的to eat certain foods 是不定式表示结果吗？
2）I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish.
这句话里的must可以改成had to吗？另外，would of couse be - would 是什么用法？过去的预测吗？
最佳答案 2022-01-14 12:52
1）The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.
这句话为什么用and 连接的2个并列谓语，一个用了现在完成时，而另一个却用了一般现在时呢？
——have been brought up，现在完成时表示动作已经结束。stick to them，一般现在时表示现在习惯，注意 all our lives 这个时间状语。两种时态，表达两种性质不同的动作。
另外，这里的to eat certain foods 是不定式表示结果吗？
——是的。我们大多数人生下来从小到大，结果都是吃几种食物。
2）I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stay to dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish.
这句话里的must可以改成had to吗？另外，would of couse be - would 是什么用法？过去的预测吗？
——must 没有过去时，但可以用于过去时间，等于 had to。这里，would 看作过去将来时也行，过去推测也行。注意：有时候，will /would 表示将来还是推测，很难分得一清二楚。
would 与 of course 用在一起，意思是“蜗牛当然会是一道主菜”。
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其它 1 个回答
我试着回答一下，个人观点，仅供参考。
1.这里不是并列谓语，因为各自都有自己的主语，一个是most of us,一个是we,虽然所指相同;也就是说，and前后是两个完整的句子，有各自的主谓，虽然这两个句子有某种联系。所以，时态不同并不奇怪。
前一个句子表示的动作已经完成（生来只吃几种食物），并且与现在有关联，所以用现在完成时。
后一个句子表示现在的情况（一生都只吃这几种食物），可以理解为一种习惯、一种现状、一种特征，所以用一般现在时。
to eat certain foods 是不定式表示结果。
2.must不宜改成had to，因为这是某人说的话（前面有said)，带有很强的主观性，从上下文来看，客观性不强。比较而言，must更贴切。虽然must和have to意思差不多，有些时候可以互换。
这里，would 看作过去将来时和过去推测都行。“蜗牛当然是道主菜”，这句话，既有推测的意味，也有将来的意味。
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