非限定分句和无动词分句的区分
在一些比较新的语法书中经常会提到限定分词、非限定分句和无动词分句。
我对“非限定分句”和“无动词分句”有时分不清。比如:
Too lazy to climb the stairs, he shouted to me from below.
上面这句中的Too lazy to climb the stairs算什么分句?是非限定分句和无动词分句?是如何区分的?
简单解释如下:
▲限定分词:就是传统语法中的从句。如:
I think that he is a student.
▲非限定分句:就是传统语法中的非谓语动词(短语)。如:
I like to read stories.
He made me read stories.
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit. 一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
She entered, accompanied by her mother. 她由母亲陪伴着走了进来。
▲无动词分句:这个稍复杂一点,它大致相当于传统语法中各种形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语等。如:
He arrived home, hungry and tired. 他回到家里,又饿又累。
Five people were killed in the accident, one of them a police.
He came in with a book in his hand.
所以你的句子中的Too lazy to climb the stairs是无动词分句,不过这个无动词分句中又包含一个非限定分句(to climb the stairs)——整个短语是无动词分句,其中包含一个非限定分句。