3 as...as比较从句的问题

请问,You’ve made as many mistakes as I have. 这么写是对的,为什么She is as a good cook as her mother./They are as good cooks as us.却是错的呢?都是形容词+名词的形式。实在有点没看明白。

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最佳答案 2021-07-28 07:54

1. You’ve made as many mistakes as I have. (正)

2. She is as a good cook as her mother.(误)

3. They are as good cooks as us.(误)

 

这是一个很有意思的问题。是的,句1正确,句2和句3错误。

比较结构 as...as... not so...as...中,第一个as 和否定的 so 表达同样的意思“如此,那样”,都是程度副词。这里有三个问题需要特别注意:

1. 程度副词as so 修饰形容词后,后接复数名词和不可数名词为何不可以?而单数可数名词就可以?

2. 程度副词as so 修饰形容词后,后面的单数可数名词为何把冠词在形容词之后,而不是之前?即应说:so good a cook, as good a cook,这就是句2错误的原因。

3. 名词前有了many, much, few, little 4个表示数量概念的限定词,不受上述限制。这为第1句的正确性提供了答案。

又如:

This is a nice picture.(正)   This is so nice a picture. (正)→This is as nice a picture as that. (正)→This is not so nice a picture as that. (正)

These are nice pictures.(正)  These are so nice pictures. (误)  These are as nice pictures as those. (误)  These are not so nice pictures as those. (误)

It is hot water. (正)→ It is so hot water. (误) It is as hot water as that. (误) It is not so hot water as that. (误)

我个人认为,用于比较结构的as so 是一个“过分强调程度的副词”,如果形容词修饰了一个单数的可数名词后,才可以去强调这个形容词。逻辑是:这个过分强调程度的副词突出的应该是一个个体,而不是群体,个体应是可数的个体,而不可数名词不是个体。——所以,这就是为什么被 so 修饰的形容词后,只能是单数可数名词,而不能是复数名词或不可数名词。由于as  so 是过分强调的副词,所以需要先说它。又因为它是强调形容词的,所以形容词紧随其后,结果就提到了冠词之前。因此便有了as/so + adj. + a + noun  这个结构。

关于 so many/few books  so much/little water,这是因为:manymuchfewlittle 四个词都是表示数量的“限定词”,不是形容词。so 修饰限定词时,就没有修饰形容词的那个限制,后面可以接复数名词和不可数名词。

 

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