2 分析句子成分

the progress railroads represented was not  to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt  working for them.

老师你好,这句话的“working for them”是什么成分。by后面的成分我有点看不懂,希望能分析一下。谢谢老师

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2 个回答

曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

这个句子如果改为主动句,则requiring动名词短语为主语。在被动句中,原来的主语由介词by引出,by介词短语在被动句中属于方式状语。

requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt  working for them. 在这个动名词短语中,them为动名词的宾语,often to pay…为宾语补足语。

those=those people, unlucky enough to be hurt working for them整体是形容词短语作those的定语。形容词unluckenough to do副词短语修饰。其中

to be hurt working for them为不定式短语修饰enough,为enough的结果状语。working for them是不定式to be hurt的时间状语,是不定式短语的内部结构。这个句子如果改为主动语态则为动名词短语作主语:

Requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them should not slow the progress (that) railroads represented.

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吕明远

另外虽然曹老师用心良苦、想帮助提问者更容易地理解其问题,但我不建议曹老师把这个句子改成上述的主动语态。原被动句中不定式表示一种命令语气,改成一般过去时的主动句之后,原意有所扭变缺失。

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  • 莫镇镇 提出于 2021-06-10 15:40