1-1-He promises to stop taking drugs.
promises的宾语是to stop还是to stop taking drugs
2-We appreciate your inviting us to your party.
appreciate 的宾语是your inviting还是your inviting us
3-He anticipated getting much pleasure from the reading of that book.如果我想把每个单词做的什么成分都清楚地表示出来,该怎么表示呢?目前我只能这么大概写一下,但内部的一些细节,比如from the reading of that book中每个单词的成分又是怎么样的呢?
谢谢老师的解答!
He:主语
anticipated:谓语动词
getting much pleasure:宾语
from the reading of that book:宾语补足语
1-1-He promises to stop taking drugs.
——promises 的宾语是 to stop taking drugs
2-We appreciate your inviting us to your party.
——appreciate 的宾语是 your inviting us
3-He anticipated getting much pleasure from the reading of that book.
He:主语
anticipated:谓语动词
getting much pleasure:宾语
from the reading of that book:宾语补足语
修正如下:
He:主语
anticipated:谓语动词
getting much pleasure from the reading of that book:宾语
from the reading of that book:是修饰getting 的状语。
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3个句子都涉及“非谓语动词”的知识,非谓语动词除了不能做谓语,词性转化成“形容词性,名词性,副词性(动词不定式作目的状语)”之外,非谓语动词仍具有动词属性,啥意思?有动词属性就可以带自己的宾语,宾补,状语,宾语从句等。分析这类句子时,要有层级思维,一级/谓语动词的宾、宾补、状语…,二级/非谓语动词的宾、补、状语,甚至有三级/四级。
分析第3句,动名词短语getting much…that back,作谓语动词的宾语(一级),动名词短语内部再划分(二级)pleasure是get的宾语,from the reading of that book,介词短语,可类似形容词或类副词,这里有语法弹性(看强调动词还是名词),一般中心词理解为pleasure,那介词短语类形容词,做宾补,from the reading…是一个介宾结构,介词from +动名词(the) reading,of that book介词短语(介词of+名词,介宾结构)作the reading动名词的后置定语。
但愿讲清楚了,希望有所帮助!