He earns a lot than I do.
句中than的词性以及为什么用 I do?
这是个错句,主句缺少比较项。改为:
He earns a lot more than I do.
这里,a lot 是程度副词,修饰比较级 more(由 much 变来,作 earn 的宾语)。than 是比较连词,引导比较状语从句。I do 是 I earn 的简略说法,用do 替代 earn。
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He earns a lot than I do. = He earns a lot than I earn.
He earns a lot than I .
以上各句中的 than 是连词,引导比较状语从句。
He earns a lot than me. 此句中的 than 是介词。
He earns a lot than I do.中的 do 是代动词,代替前面出现过的某个实义动词。
He earns a lot than me do. (错误)