某个on+which句子的疑问

请教一下句子These circumstances make it difficult to find site on which to carry out experiment.

介词+which是把定语从句中的介词提前

所以这句话是These circumstances make it difficult to find site  which to carry out experiment on.吗?但是好像没有carry out on 这么个短语

或者说其实是These circumstances make it difficult to find site  on the place which to carry out experiment.这样的省略?但是好像没find on 这样的短语

然后就是为什么site不用复数?

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1 个回答

曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

These circumstances make it difficult to find a site on which to carry out experiment.

on which to carry out experiment 为带关系代词的不定式。这种不定式的结构为:介词+which/whom+to do sth . 这种不定式实际是定语从句的一种简略,省略了定语从句的主语和情态动词,而把情态动词后不带to的不定式改为to do不定式。

该句还原为定语从句则为:

These circumstances make it difficult to find a site on which one can carry out experiment.

通常定语从句的主语在主句中出现,或者为泛指的人们或不定代词one. 注意关系代词which指代site, 作介词on的宾语,而介词+which位于定语从句之首,这是典型的正式语体形式。只有这种介词置于句首的,且谓语动作是还没有发生的将来动作的定语从句,才可以简略为带关系代词的不定式短语。

在非正式语体中,介词on留在句末,此时关系代词通常用that或省略关系代词,例如:

These circumstances make it difficult to find a site (which/that) one can carry out experiment on.

此时如果把定语从句简略为不定式作定语时就不能保留关系代词,关系代词必须删去。即省略主语、省略关心代词、省略情态动词,把情态动词后的不定式改为to do不定式。得到如下不定式作定语的结构:

These circumstances make it difficult to find a site to carry out experiment on.

这是非正式语体形式。如果把介词on移到to carry之前,在on之后加关系代词which,就是你提问的句子了。但那是正式语体形式,这里是非正式语体形式。

 

再看一个关系代词指人的例句。

Tom is the person that/who/whom one can depend on非正式语体

Tom is the person on whom one can depend. 正式语体

以上二个句子的定语从句简化为不定式作定语:

Tom is the person to depend on. 非正式语体

Tom is the person on whom to depend. 正式语体

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  • 提出于 2021-03-14 14:54