各位老师好,因为我在阅读中遇到了所谓“准关系代词”的说法,所以开始在网络上寻找资料,所以就在网站上看到您分享的一些思考。您的分享实在让我受益极大,尤其是将than命名为比较代词。这个命名就能够表明,than在句子中有双重功能,一个功能是表示比较,另一个是than在分句中做成分。按照您的思路,我自己尝试练习还原不同的比较句,以便理解句子结构。但是,在练习还原的过程中,遇到了一个问题:有的句子是否可以有不同的还原方式?这个问题涉及到分局中的主谓一致问题。
之前有同学提问一道题:“There were more casualties than reported.
A was B were”
链接如下:
https://www.cpsenglish.com/question/25492
这道题给出的答案选择was。
我尝试着对原句进行还原,来说明选择was的原因,思考过程如下:
There were many (A) casualties.
It was reported that there were many (B) casualties.
A> B
There were more casualties than it was reported that there were. 这个句子省略掉形式主语it和真正主语之后就得到了原句:
There were more casualties than was reported.
以上是第一种还原方式。
但是,我接着想:是否可以进行下面第二种方式的还原呢?
There were many (A) casualties.
Many (B) casualties were reported.
A>B
There were more casualties than were reported.
请教曹老师,如果第二种方式是不对的,那原因是什么呢?为什么只能进行第一种方式的还原呢?
因为提问这个版块似乎不能太长,我把自己的其他还原、补全句子的练习放在这个文章版块里面了,链接是这个:
https://www.cpsenglish.com/article/178
比较分句的补全肯定不是唯一的。关键是要保持主谓一致。than was reported. 肯定是省略了形式主语it和真正主语that从句。than were reported则不可能是省略了形式主语和真正主语。但是此时通常需要在reported后面加in the newspaper之类的状语,很少单独were reported. 同理,than were necessary也通常需要不定式或for介词短语作necessary的补足语。这就是为什么考试题中,当necessary后面没有补足语的时候,参考答案给的是was而不是were.
There were more casualties than were reported in the newspaper.
There were more casualties than (it) was reported (that there were).
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