A charge of throwing a bomb with intent to kill, which charge carries the death penalty, was dropped by the crown.
1)上句使用了which charge..., 如果只用which carries the death penalty, 可以吗?
2)为什么carries使用了一般现在时,而后却使用了was dropped 一般过去时? 是否说明carries the death penalty 是一般性规则制度行为,不受时间限制?
1 A charge of throwing a bomb with intent to kill 介词of在此表示同位关系,which charge carries the death penalty为非限制定定语从句,其中which为关系限定词,其先行词为throwing a bomb with intent to kill,which在定语从句中作主语charge的特指限定词。如果不是定语从句,而是并列句或独立的句子,charge的限定词要用指示代词this或that,但在定语从句中,关系限定词which作为从属标记替换指示限定词,则句子成了从属句(定语从句)。类似关系限定词which引导定语从句的例子如下:
He arrived at 3 pm, by which time the meeting was already over. 3 pm是个时间,所以用by which time引导非限制性定语从句。如果写成二个独立句的句子,则用指示代词指代3 pm这个时间。例如:
He arrived at 3 pm. By that time the meeting was already over.
2 主句用一般过去时,叙述过去发生的事件。非限制性定语从句是说话人的补充说明,属于记叙文中夹叙夹议的议论部分。这部分的内容讲的是一般情况,不受时间限制(法律对这种情况有明文规定),所以用一般现在时。
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