英语句子翻译时的句子结构整合和重组

It estimated that the Chinese would need 1.17 billion square meters of housing for living annually on average from 2019 to 2030.

据估计,从2019年到2030年,中国人平均每年需要11.7亿平方米的生活用房。

请问一下这样的翻译算不算是句子结构整合和重组?

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最佳答案 2020-11-18 08:52

It estimated that the Chinese would need 1.17 billion square meters of housing for living annually on average from 2019 to 2030.
此句有误。It estimated 应为It was estimated,不知网友抄错了句子,还是原文本来如此?此外,housing for living 原翻译“生活用房”不准确,应直接翻译为“住房”。


【翻译】据估计,从2019年到2030年,中国人平均每年需要11.7亿平方米的住房。

网友的问题:这样的翻译算不算是句子结构整合和重组?

不知网友是指整体句子结构方面,还是某个词组?

我从整体结构和词语排列方面,解答如下:

一、“据估计”三个字翻译恰当。It 作句子主语,指代后面 that 从句,是“被估计的内容”。

二、我把句子的来龙去脉,演示如下:

(1)Experts estimated that the Chinese would need 1.17 billion square meters of housing for living annually on average from 2019 to 2030. (这句话常说,专家们估计that 宾语从句的内容。这是一个“主+动+宾”结构)

(2)变被动句:That the Chinese would need 1.17 billion square meters of housing for living annually on average from 2019 to 2030 was estimated by experts. (让 that 从句变成句子主语。这句话语法虽然正确,但没有人这样说,因为头重脚轻,不符合表达习惯。)

(3)用形式主语 It 代替 that 从句,让that从句放在句末(也叫“外置”):
It was estimated by experts that the Chinese would need 1.17 billion square meters of housing for living annually on average from 2019 to 2030. (这句话也常说。但很多时候,没有必要说出被动语态动作的施事者,所以常把 by sb 省掉,得出下面的句子。)

(4)It estimated that the Chinese would need 1.17 billion square meters of housing for living annually on average from 2019 to 2030.

【提示】其他类似结构都是这样来的,例如:It is said that...,It is believed that...,It is reported that... 等等。

三、除了上面大的结构外,再就是几个状语的排列问题。本句有三个状语分别修饰谓语动词need。它们是:

annually  每年
on average  平均
from 2019 to 2030 从2019年到2030年

英语排列原则是:从单词到词组再到从句,也就是“从小到大”排列。即:annually on average from 2019 to 2030
至于汉语翻译,可根据自身语言的习惯先翻译哪个后翻译哪个,即可。不要拘泥于英语的顺序。

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  • 提出于 2020-11-17 22:18