1. He seemed to have decided on going.
= It seems that he (has) decided on going.
他好像决定要去了。
2. He seemed to have decided on going.
= It seemed that he had decided on going.
他好像已经决定要去了。
(《英汉多功能词典》新编升级版p.1515)
问: 1. It seems that he (has) decided on going.
= He seemed to have decided on going.
这样的描述对吗? 改成 He seemed to decide on going.是不是更好? 这里用seemed to have done是受decide的影响?
A) It seems that he (has) decided on going.
B) He seems to have decided on going.
是的,B句是由A句转换而来的。
A句中,it 为形式主语,that是真正主语从句。动词seems只有一个论元(argument),即that从句。
B句中,He只是语法上的主语,并不是seems语义上的主语。语义上he仍然是decide的主语。换句话说,seems的从句(次一级的结构)中的主语he提升到高一级的结构(主句)中作主语,原次级结构的谓语动词改为不定式作主语补足语。不定式的形式须根据相对于seems的时间关系作形式上的调整。例如A句中seems为现在时间,that从句谓语为现在完成时或一般过去时,无论是哪个时态,decide的动作都是在seems表示的现在时间之前发生的,所以改为B句后,seems的时态不变,仍然是现在时间,不定式必须改为完成体to have decided, 表示decide的动作是先于seems的现在时间的。
《剑桥英语语法》把B句称为提升主语结构(raised subject construction)。
作这种转换时,seem的时态是不能改变的。
如果觉得我的回答对您有用,请随意打赏。你的支持将鼓励我继续创作!
问: 1. It seems that he (has) decided on going.
= He seemed to have decided on going.
这样的描述对吗? 改成 He seemed to decide on going.是不是更好? 这里用seemed to have done是受decide的影响?
【答】seemed to have decided 所表示的含义是“决定”这个动作发生在 seemed 之前; seemed to decide 表示“决定”这个动作发生在 seemed 的同时。所以,不能把 He seemed to have decided on going 改成 He seemed to decide on going.