一个than从句的主语省略问题(与刘老师曹老师商榷)

The result will be less effective than would be achieved by a teacher in harmony with the unit.

这个句子出现在 http://ask.yygrammar.com/q-26196.html

曹老师和刘老师都认为than充当从句的主语,我觉得than不应该是主语,应该是从句的表语。

这里的比较项是effective(其对应项包含在than中),这里是在比较两个result(哪个更effective)

整个句子的结构是A is less effective than B (is) (这里的is代表各种操作词和系动词)

显然than充当从句的表语,不应该充当主语。

可能的补全方式:

The result will be less effective than what would be achieved by a teacher in harmony with the unit.  (从句省略操作词)

The result will be less effective than the result that would be achieved by a teacher in harmony with the unit. (从句省略操作词)

两位老师都是我非常敬重的老师,这里所说的只是我的一孔之见,不当之处,请指正。

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最佳答案 2020-10-29 20:43

  1. The result will be less effective than what would be achieved by a teacher in harmony with the unit.  (从句省略操作词)

  2. The result will be less effective than the result that would be achieved by a teacher in harmony with the unit.

关于从句的比较对应项,你是对的。对应项应该是作表语的形容词。

我在原解答中其实给出了另一种分析,即原句补全应为:

The result will be less effective than what would be achieved by a teacher in harmony with the unit is.

即句子省略了what和is。这和你的补全是一致的。

但问题是,为什么what可以省略,你我都是无法解释的。你的另一个补全只不过把what换成了the thing which/that, 同样无法解释为什么省略了the thing, 还要省略关系代词?

《剑桥英语语法》(CGEL)认为than后接谓语动词只有二种情况:

1 省略的主语为比较对应项;

2 省略的是形式主语It和外置的主语分句(that从句或不定式分句)。

但这里what从句整个为比较分句的主语,却只省略了what和is, 而不是省略这个主语从句。

所以,可以说这个句子到目前为止没有一个圆满的合理解释。例如下句:

这个玩具比你手里那个东西更有意思。

This toy is more interesting than the thing that is in your hand is.

This toy is more interesting than what is in your hand is.

试问这二个句子中的what和the thing that可以省略吗?

This toy is more interesting than is in your hand.  ???

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  • foster 提出于 2020-08-18 20:05