if only 使用疑问？

章振邦新编高级英语语法510页：

1）If only he comes in time = (I hope he will come in time).

2）If only he didn't drive so fast = (I wish he didn't drive so fast/I am sorry he drives so fast)

3）If only I hadn't been late for work = (I wish I hadn't been late for work)

我的困惑是：

（a）If only 是否也可以单纯表示类似于If引导的条件句，如果...？

（b）上面3句是if only表愿望的，疑惑是：为什么1）If only = hope ?

而2）和3）If only = wish ?

《牛津》

if only

used to say that you wish something was true or that something had happened

Free Dictionary

in only： wish that

以上二部词典对if only的释义，说明if only作为习语idiom, 单独引导从句，省略主句，等于wish 引导宾语从句，所以从句应该用虚拟语气形式。章振邦第一个例句可以忽略（即从句用陈述语气）。

If only he didn't drive so fast = (I wish he didn't drive so fast/I am sorry he drives so fast)

if only或wish从句用did形式表示与现在事实相反。这个句子为习惯意义，而不是事件意义，所以对应的陈述语气时态为一般现在时，如果表示现在的事件，要用进行体，例如：

If only he wasn't driving so fast = (I wish he wasn't driving so fast/I am sorry he is driving so fast)

曹荣禄 -

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