You have presented an inch or two of it to my examination all the time that you have been talking.

先行词为 time 的定语从句，用 that 引导最为常见，无论 time 表示“时间” 还是 “次数”。that 通常还可省略，使用 when 引导不普通或比较罕见。

all the time that you have been talking，意思是：在你说话的整个这段时间里。