句子主动与被动的问题

This novel concerns peasant life after the reform.

请问上面的句子concerns用主动形态正确吗?

很困惑,为什么concern有时候用主动有时候用被动呢,究竟是什么原因?

比如:She needn't concern herself with so much unimportant details (主动)

          They were all concerned with the matter. (被动)

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最佳答案 2020-07-07 13:58

1. This novel concerns peasant life after the reform.

2. She needn't concern herself with so much unimportant details.

3. They were all concerned with the matter.

以上三句都正确。解析如下:

句1,concern 是及物动词接宾语。意思是“涉及;关于”,等于 be about。是指小说“涉及或描写的内容”。此句的主语不能是“人”。

句2 和 句3,这是“相互变式”,都是表达主动意义。里面的奥秘可以参考以下内容:


be dressed in 或 be seated on ——缘何没有被动意义?

“被动语态表主动”,这是一个很有意思的话题,该现象的本质皆缘于反身动词跟反身代词的用法。主语和宾语同为一人,主语是动作的发出者,又是动作的接受者,这就出现了被动语态表示“主动” 含义的语言现象。例如:

John seated himself on the chair. = John was seated on the chair. 

The lady dressed herself in red. = The lady was dressed in red.

以上含有反身代词的例句,去掉 oneself 变成被动句,意思保持不变,仍表示主动含义。除了seat 和 dress 外,又如:

He committed himself to studying English.

= He was committed to studying English.

他致力于学英语。

He quickly accustomed himself to this new way of life.

=He was quickly accustomed to this new way of life.

他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。

You will have to accommodate yourself to the changed situation.

=You will have to be accommodated to the changed situation.

你必须适应变化了的形势。

She adapted herself to the new climate quickly.

=She was adapted to the new climate quickly.

她很快就适应了这种新气候。

He can't adjust himself to the whirl of modern life in this big city.

=He can't be adjusted to the whirl of modern life in this big city.

他无法适应这个大都市的现代生活的忙碌。

The old man addicted himself to smoking.

=The old man was addicted to smoking.

那位老人吸烟成瘾。

Nowadays some young people abandon themselves to drinking.

=Nowadays some young people are abandoned to drinking.

现如今,一些年轻人沉湎于饮酒。

You will have to bury yourself in your studies if you want to pass the exam.

=You will have to be buried in your studies if you want to pass the exam.

如果你想通过考试,就得专心致志地学习。

He hid himself in the woods.

= He was hidden in the woods.

他藏在森林中。

She should concern herself with your health.

= She should be concerned with your health.

她应关心你的身体。

After graduation he continued to devote himself to the research.

=After graduation he continued to be devoted to the research.

毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。

He dedicated himself to the cause of science.

= He was dedicated to the cause of science.

他献身科学事业。


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其它 1 个回答

曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

你查一下词典,看concern是及物还是不及物动词,读一下英英释义。你就明白了。

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  • qhl222 提出于 2020-05-22 13:26

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