It would establish education as a fundamental human right, and in that case anyone around the world with the ability and the motivation could get the skills they need. 

以上为并列句，in+指示限定词that+case, 指代主句内容：在这种情况下...

用关系限定词which替换指示限定词that，同时删去并列连词and, 则得到下列非限制性定语从句：in which case 指代主句内容。

It would establish education as a fundamental human right, in which case anyone around the world with the ability and the motivation could get the skills they need. 

再用关系副词where替换in which case, 则得到下句：

It would establish education as a fundamental human right, where anyone around the world with the ability and the motivation could get the skills they need. 

where=in which case. 所以where的先行词主句内容。