经常看到书上说(老师上课也经常说):不定式的进行式,不定式的完成式,不定式的被动式,等等,请老师给解释一下,同时举几个例子。不要太多,也不要太难,谢谢老师!
▲不定式的进行式:to be doing(即在 to be 后接现在分词)
He seemed to be sleeping. 他似乎在睡觉。
He appears to be living in the area. 他似乎就住在这一带。
He believed her to be telling the truth. 他相信她讲的是真话。
▲不定式的完成式:to have done(即在 to have 后接过去分词)
She appears to have caught cold. 她好像是感冒了。
He seems to have travelled a lot. 他似乎去过不少地方。
I believed it to have been a mistake. 我相信这是一个错误。
We consider him to have left. 我们认为他已离开。
▲不定式的被动式:to be done(即在 to be 后接过去分词)
Your hair needs to be cut. 你需要理发了。
He begged to be allowed to go home. 他恳求让他回家。
I was disappointed not to be chosen. 我未被选中,感到很失望。
It is an honor to be invited to contribute to your magazine. 承蒙贵刊邀稿,甚感荣幸。
1. 不定式的进行式:to be dong,不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如:
The boy pretended to be working hard. 这个男孩假装在努力工作。
He seems to be reading in his room. 他好像在他房间看书。
2. 不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:
I happened to have seen the film. 我碰巧看过那场电影。
He is pleased to have met his friend. 他很高兴遇到他的朋友。
3. 不定式的被动式分为一般现在式和完成式,一般式:to be done,表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之后或者几乎是同时发生,例如:
He was seen to be rude to his father. 有人看见他对他父亲很粗鲁。
I’m very glad to stay with my students. 我很高兴跟学生们在一起。
被动完成:to have been done,表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:
The book is said to have been translated into English. 这本书听说已经被翻译成英语了。
The thief was believed to have been caught by the police. 那个贼据说被警察抓住了。