我知道:简单句只有一个主谓结构。如:
Freda phoned Jack last night. 弗雷达昨晚给杰克打了电话。
A bee stung her on the nose. 一只蜜蜂在她的鼻子上螫了一下。
而并列句则是两个主谓结构用并列连词连接。如:
He speaks French and he also writes it. 他会说法语也会写法文。
I called heads and it came down tails. 我要了正面,可落下来却是反面朝上。
但是,在并列句中,如果有一个主谓结构省略了主语,那它是简单句还是并列句?比如:
He is rich, but leads a modest life. 他很富有,但却过着朴素的生活。
She won the prize and astonished them all. 她获了奖,这使他们大家都很惊讶。
▲在并列句中,如果有一个主谓结构省略了主语,它仍是并列句:
He is rich, but leads a modest life. 他很富有,但却过着朴素的生活。
She won the prize and astonished them all. 她获了奖,这使他们大家都很惊讶。
▲事实上,在并列句中,不仅可以省略其中一个主谓结构的主语,有时也还可省略其他成分。比如(括号内的成分表示可以省略):
Some came by land and some (came) by water. 一些人由陆路来,一些人从水路来。
The scenery was beautiful, and the acting (was) superb. 布景很漂亮,演出也很出色。
Our flat is on the first floor and theirs (is) on the third. 我们的公寓在一楼,他们的公寓在三楼。
Wise men have their mouth in their heart, and fools (have) their heart in their mouth. 智者嘴在心里,蠢人心在嘴上。
▲《张道真英语用法》第354 条(Ellipsis)有如下说明:
并列句中的省略:并列句中,尤其是第二分句,常可省略一些词以避免重复:
My room is on the third floor and his on the fifth.
He majors in physics and I in chemical engineering.
The costumes were beautiful, and the acting superb.
I thought she would be disappointed, and she was.
Somebody’s been stealing our flowers, but I don’t know who.
I can’t see you today, but I can tomorrow.
She never said she was homesick, but she was.
He worked hard but without any success.
He did it and quite successfully too at the beginning.
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