《薄冰高级英语语法》的例句疑问(There be句型中的定语从句省略主语)

在薄冰高级英语语法第二十二章倒装中说到there be结构有一例句 There is a man at the door wants to see you. 我觉得 wants to see you.是错误用法,应该是 who wants to see you或 Wanting to see you.请指教。在688页

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最佳答案 2019-11-18 13:37

在非正式文体中,省略作主语的关系代词的情况(包括强调句的that和who),时而可见。

但主句一般是由下面这些句式引导:

It is...  

This is...

That is...

There is...

【现象分析】

It is Tom who wants to meet you. 这句话,实际是个强调句,说话人用It is Tom 提醒对方知道是Tom,但在说话过程中把 It is 给忘记了,就不用who了。接着又说 wants to meet you. 句子的重心实际在 Tom wants to meet you. 上,所以就误认为 who 可以省略。

关于定语从句的关系代词做主语时,也可以省略的问题,这里有一个句子:There is a shop up the road sells fruits. 摘自 Longman Dictionary Of Contemporary English。 字典也说,在非正式英语中,作定语从句主语的that 可以省略。但我认为,这仍然属于上述情况,是口语现象或口语特征。 把There is去掉,这个句子就变成了 A shop up the road sells fruits. 汉语也有类似或相同的表达:“在路的尽头有一家商店出售水果。” 一家“商店”身兼两职,把“有”字去掉,句子仍是个主谓宾结构,很完整的:“在路的尽头,一家商店出售水果。”


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其它 5 个回答

zbr1016.
there be特殊,可以省
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曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

非正式语体中,定语从句修饰there存在句的主语,可以省略作主语的关系代词。所以这个句子不算错误,是非正式语体。

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黎反修   - 英语翻译 (已退休)
擅长:数词用法,存在句,英语考试

   在非正式语体中,如果定语从句修饰的先行词是there存在句的主语,作主语的关系代词可以省略。所以这个句子是正确的。

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mengxin Z

题主看到m153的回帖,就可以收摊了,D:


这样的句子,历史可以追溯到莎士比亚前。

目前这种句子在美国南部、苏格兰、爱尔兰用的人不少,英国人比美国人用的又稍多。

但说破了天,这种结构语法就是不对的。但语法要让位于实用,口语中就是有人用,哪个傻子来说语法问题?


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附件1, CGEL的叙述

18.48
Something keeps upsetting him. ~ There's something (that) keeps upsetting him. [1]
It is interesting that the relative pronoun that in the 'annex' clause of [1] can be omitted (especially in informal usage) even when it is subject of the relative clause; something not permissible according to the normal rule for relative clause formation:
There's a man lives in China.
(A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language; R. Quirk)

 

附件2, 如果英文还行的

可以看看耶鲁大学的材料

Subject contact relatives


"I have a sister lives in Dublin."

(Henry 1995, p. 124)

"I wonder who it was defined man as a rational animal."

(Oscar Wilde, The Picture of Dorian Gray)

"Everybody lives in the mountains has an accent all to theirself."

(Wolfram & Christian 1976, epigraph)

 

A subject contact relative is a construction where the subject is immediately followed by a phrase describing it (without the phrase being introduced by who, which or that). This is illustrated by the bolded part of sentence (1):

 

1) There’s a girl wants to see you.

 (Doherty 1993, p. 155)

 

In standard English, sentence (1) could be paraphrased as sentence (2), which is the same as sentence (1) but with the word who inserted:

 

2) There’s a girl who wants to see you.

 

Subject contact relatives always involve a noun (such as man in sentence (1)) immediately followed by another phrase (such as wants to see you) that describes the noun. Specifically, this second phrase always begins with a verb for which the noun acts as the subject; for example, man acts as the subject of wants. For a more in-depth definition of subject contact relatives, see the section Comparison to other types of relative clauses.

 

Several more examples of subject contact relatives are given below:

 

3) a. I know a man lives in St. Louis.

(Ozark English; Elgin & Haden 1991, p. 9)

b. There’s no one pays any attention to that.

(Newfoundland English; Clarke 2004, p. 315)

c. It was a nurse and a nurse’s aid used to stand up at the door.

(African American English; Green 2002, p. 90)

 

d. My grandma’s got this thing tells me about when to plant.

(Appalachian English; Wolfram & Christian 1976, p. 121)

 

Who says this?

Subject contact relatives are observed in many different varieties of English. In North America, they are a property of Appalachian English (Wolfram & Christian 1976), Ozark English (Elgin & Haden 1991), African American English (Green 2002), and Newfoundland English (Clarke 2004). They have also been observed in the British Isles in Hiberno English (Doherty 1993, 2000) and Belfast English (Henry 1995).

 

Several authors suggest that subject contact relatives are also observed in many speakers of standard English, even though they are more common for speakers of the varieties mentioned above. For example, Wolfram & Christian (1976) state that the usage of subject contact relatives in Appalachian English results from “the regularization of a pattern which is observed to some extent in standard varieties of English,” while Lambrecht (1988) heard the following sentences from educated speakers who believed subject contact relatives to be absent from their speech:

 

4) Check to see if your feature matrixes came out OK. I got a couple of ‘em didn’t come out right.

(Lambrecht 1988, p. 319)

 

5) I have a friend in the Bay Area is a painter.

(Lambrecht 1988, p. 319)

 

Lambrecht’s observations suggest that this construction might be more widespread than popularly believed, and it might simply be stigmatized so that most speakers do not realize that they themselves use it on occasion.

 


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mayuan

是不是这样的:there is  a man who wants to see you

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  • yangxiubo 提出于 2019-11-15 15:05

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