老师好。我在读一篇文章时遇到这样一个句子:
He said the boy and his father had fallen out over what happened and that explained the father's absence at the hearing.
句中的 that explained ... 中的 that 我觉得指的应该是前面这句话 the boy and his father...如果我理解正确的话,那么为什么后面用that代指而不用 this 呢?
用来指上文提到的事情时,that和this都可以用。例如:
They’re students, not teachers. You know this [that],of course. 他们是学生,不是老师,这点你当然清楚。
John had a bad cold. That [This] was why he didn’t turn up. 约翰患了重感冒,这(那)就是他没有来的原因。
▲ 若要指下文叙述的事情,却通常只用this。例如:
I want to know this: Is he healthy? 我想知道这一点:他是否很健康?
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and that 中的 that 可指前面所说的情况。例如:
I lost a book, and that (= and I lost) a rare one. 我遗失了一本书,而且是珍本书。
She wanted to see him, and that (= and she wanted to see him) at once. 她想见他,而且想马上见到他。
(摘自《英语词语用法详解词典》商务印书馆2014年9月第1版p.920)
and this 形式可指代前文提到过的某件事,并加强语气。(同上,p.941)
所以,问题中的 and that 也可以改为 and this 。