The family environment is widely believed to be the most important influence on children's development.
其中的to be是做非谓语做宾语吗?为什么要用to be,是动词believe的固定搭配形式吗?
这个句子是被动语态,to be the most important influence on children's development是不定式作主语补足语,在原来的主动语态中是宾语补足语。即:
People widely believe the family environment to be the most important influence on children's development.
又如:
We believe him to be honest. (宾语补足语)
→ He is believed to be honest.(主语补足语)
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《牛津英语用法指南》第三版 607.3 节指出:
“在正式文体中,一些表述思想、情感和意见的动词(如 believe, consider, feel, know, find, understand), 后面可以跟 宾语 + 动词不定式(通常为 to be)。在非正式文体中,更常用 that 从句。
......
They believed her to be reliable.他们相信她是可靠的。 ( 不太正式的说法: They believed that she was reliable.)”
People widely believe the family environment to be the most important influence on children's development.
这个句子中的划底线部分是宾语补足语。
如果把这个句子的谓语动词改为被动语态,就是:The family environment is widely believed to be the most important influence on children's development.在这个句子中,划底线部分是主语补足语。