What X is to Y, that A is to B.句型中that是什么用法

2 What X is to Y, that A is to B.句型中that是什么用法

赵俊英先生《现代英语语法大全》p1642:

【注释】......注意下列句子的几种表达形式：

【1】Knowledge is to the mind what light is to the eye.

【2】Knowledge to the mind is what light is to the eye.

【3】What light is to the eye, that knowledge is to the mind.

【4】What light is to the eye, that is knowledge to the mind.

【5】Knowledge is to the mind as light is to the eye..

【6】As light is to the eye, so knowledge is to the mind.

【7】As light is to the eye, so is knowledge to the mind.

请老师们讲一下，第3/4句的that是什么用法。谢谢。

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分类：难句分析

最佳答案 2019-08-21 04:13

What X is to Y, that A is to B.

what X is to Y为名词性关系分句，该从句相当于一个名词词组。其中what为融合型关系代词，=the thing which. 即what 既引导从句，又在从句中作表语，X 为主语，to Y为状语。

that A is to B 是主句。A 是主语，to B 为状语，that为表语。that在主句作表语，排除that为副词或连词，只可能是代词。由于该分句为主句，进而可以排除that为关系代词。所以，that只有一种可能——指示代词。

于是，这个句子结构如下：

名词词组 (what从句），A is that to B.

这就是典型的左偏置结构。强调偏置的名词词组，然后用代词指代之，在句子中作成分。

为了句子结构对称，主句表语that前置，构成如下句型：

What X is to Y, that A is to B.

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曹荣禄 -

擅长：动词用法,句法问题 | 采纳率 82% | 回答于 1秒前

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凡哥英语 - 归师 1秒前

擅长：英语

来源于固定句型 A is to B what C is D的变化，what从句提前置于句首，后面主句可以用that连接，也可以省略that。

zbr1016. 1秒前

我认为是左偏置之后，留在主句之中的那个代词，比如第3句可以写为。 The thing that light is to the eye, that knowledge is to the mind，that指代The thing，并且为了结构安排，提到了knowledge的前面，本来应该是在is和to中间。

2 What X is to Y, that A is to B.句型中that是什么用法

最佳答案 2019-08-21 04:13

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