what从句结构语序

在语法书上看到一个例句。

There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that i read recently giving what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.

这句话的句子成分我已经明白了，但是有两点不懂。 what he thought was a reason ，he thought 是插入语，但是what was a reason 在句中是名词成分，所以能不能写成 what a reason was 呢？ what he thought a reason was for...我觉得看起来也不是很奇怪。另外，giving前面可不可以加个逗号呢？毕竟remark在giving 之前都已经被几个词修饰过了。谢谢老师！

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分类：词法问题

最佳答案 2019-08-12 16:52

虽然你说你已经知道句子结构了，我还是再分析一遍。

There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that i read recently giving what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.

by an Englishman 和 that I read recently 分别为介词短语和定语从句，修饰 a book.

giving what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic 为现在分词短语作定语修饰 a remark。由于分词短语和remark被in a book by an Englishman that i read recently分隔，如果用逗号，容易被误读为分词短语是修饰book的，所以不用逗号，迫使读者将分词短语与remark联系起来理解。

what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic 是名词性分句不假，但显然网友将这个名词性分句理解成疑问分句了，所以才会认为what可以是从句中的表语。其实这个what从句是名词性关系分句，what=that which (或the thing which)。即该分句的逻辑是that was a reason for...，注意a reason是归属性表语，不可能用 a reason作主语的。如果reason作主语，应该用one reason, the reason 或one of the reasons.

所以，这个what从句不可以改为 what he thought a reason was for...

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mengxin Z 1秒前

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18-Feb-2017, 12:48 提问者lagoo （中国）

"a remark gives" or "an Englishman gives"

There was a very interesting remark in a book by an Englishman that I read recently giving what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic.

I'm trying to analyse this compound sentence as follows:
1)There was a very interesting remark in a book
2)The remark was made by an Englishman
3)I read recently that remark
4-a)The remark gives that what the Englishman thought was a reason for this American characteristic
4-b)The Englishman gives that what he thought was a reason for this American characteristic

I don't know whether 4-a or 4-b is correct? or any others in my analysis are wrong?

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Re: "a remark gives" or "an Englishman gives"

emsr2d2(英国，英语教师，版主):

1. An Englishman wrote the book in question.
2. I read the book recently.
3. The book contained an interesting remark.

Both 4a and 4b are correct. The remark in question was the English writer's opinion on the reason for the American characteristic.

what从句结构语序

最佳答案 2019-08-12 16:52

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