An education that aims at getting a student a certain kind of job is a techical education,justified for reasons radically different from why education is universally required by law.

【翻译】旨在使学生获得某种工作的教育是一种技术教育，其合理存在的理由与法律所规定的普及教育之理由迥然不同。

划线部分总体为形容词短语作定语，修饰 a technical education。介词短语 for reasons 是justified（合理合法的）的原因，形容词短语radically different from why education is universally required by law 又是reasons 的定语。

根据汉语习惯，最后的这个形容词短语，可以变通翻译，按照“主系表” 结构理解。即：reasons are differnent from...