There are always more different ways to generate a fragment of a system's function (say, chess-playing -- or simple harmonic motion) than there are to generate the system's total function (say, everything else a human mind can do -- or all of Newtonian or Quantum Mechanics), if for no other reason than that the Total model must subsume all the functions of the subtotal toy models too (Schweizer 1998; cf. Lucas 1961).

第一个than所对比的对象我知道是ways，去产生一个系统功能的一部分的方式，比产生总体功能的方式要多得多。

第二个than对比的对象要如何理解，是reason吗？如何理解它的意思？

谢谢！