本人在一个语法书上看到了一个句型是By inviting international companies can help a poor country to develop faster. 被拿来当作介词短语不能充当主语的典型句子。
但我在另一本书上看到过另一个句子是Only by doing so can universities maintain dynamic and sustainable development.是正确的。
假如说第一个句子是错误的,为什么第二个句子会是正确的呢?因为是介词短语前面多了一个only吗?还是因为这个是倒装句型的原因?假如说是倒装句型的原因,请问倒装句型有哪些类似的容易犯错误的地方呢?
谢谢
1. By inviting international companies can help a poor country to develop faster. (错误)
介词短语不能做主语。显然,本句是让 By inviting international companies 作了句子主语,故被判错误。改正办法很简单,去掉By,让动名词作主语:
Inviting international companies can help a poor country to develop faster.
不过,这个句子仍然是“中式英语”。“邀请国际公司”干什么呢?
invite 的宾语后面应该有“去向或不定式作宾补”,意思才完整。例如:invite sb. to sth.,invite sb. to do sth. 才是合乎逻辑的表达。
2. Only by doing so can universities maintain dynamic and sustainable development.(正确)
这个句子是“only + 状语” 放在句首,引起倒装。句子正确,主谓齐全。正常语序是:
Universities can maintain dynamic and sustainable development only by doing so.
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only+介词短语,句子必须使用倒装结构!!!
only by doing +助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语+其它
Only by doing so can universities maintain dynamic and sustainable development.是正确的
By inviting international companies (to the organization) can help a poor country to develop faster.
修改方法:去掉介词“by”直接用动名词短语作主语,因为介词短语是不能作句子主语成分,介词短语通常主要是作句子状语成分。
Inviting international companies(to the organization) can help a poor country to develop faster.
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