分析一个长难句的结构和成分
it is a value judgment to say that a college education will make you a better person,but it is a value judgment that the vast majority of college graduates are willing to make survey after survey to demonstrate that people feel very positive about their college education,believing that it has made them better and more tolerant people.
红色部分，紫色部分和蓝色部分 不知道如何理解 串通起来....哎不知道怎么分析这样的句子，单词意思又都认识，还望大神解析一下这个句子并且翻译一下!
最佳答案 2019-01-12 10:53
这个句子读起来十分别扭：It is a value judgement to say..., but it is a value judgement that主语从句。这个but用得没有任何道理。于是我在网上查找原文，原来这是2009年广东专插本英语试题。原文并不是这样的。不知是网友自己抄错了，还是改编者的英语水平太差，将本来好端端的英语句子改成了逻辑不通、令人费解的句子。网上的试题原文如下：
It is a value judgment to say that a college education will make you a better person, but it is a value judgment that the vast majority of college graduates are willing to make. Survey after survey demonstrates that people feel very positive about their college education, believing that it has made them better and more tolerant people.
这样，句子的逻辑就很清楚了。第一个it is a value judgement to say是不定式做外置主语结构，but后的it is a value judgement that...却是一个强调句型，强调宾语。句子的意思为：X 是一个价值判断，但这只是大多数大学毕业生自己愿意做出的价值判断。
网友看不懂这个句子是情有可原的，因为句子本身的逻辑是混乱的。
考试原题的译文如下：
大学教育会让一个人变得更优秀，这种说法是一种价值判断，但这是绝大多数大学毕业生愿意做的价值判断。一次又一次的调查表明，人们对自己的大学教育持肯定态度，认为大学教育使他们变得更加优秀、更加宽容。
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其它 2 个回答
It is a value judgment to say that a college education will make you a better person, but it is a value judgment that the vast majority of college graduates are willing to make survey after survey to demonstrate that people feel very positive about their college education, believing that it has made them better and more tolerant people.
【翻译】大学教育会让一个人变得更优秀的说法，是一种价值判断。然而，绝大多数大学毕业生愿意进行一次又一次的调查，以证明人们对他们的大学教育感到非常肯定，认为大学教育使他们变得更加优秀、更加宽容，这本身也是一种价值判断。
【分析】It is a value judgment 在本句出现两次，而且用了but 转折，说明是不在一个层次上的“价值判断”，所以在翻译处理时，把大学生这种做调查得到人们认可的自身做法，也看作是一种“价值判断”。
把这个并列句分为第一分句和第二分句：
1. 第一分句：It （形式主语）is （系动词）a value judgment（表语） to say that a college education will make you a better person（真正主语）,
2. 第二分句：but it is a value judgment （分析同前：主系表）that the vast majority of college graduates are willing to make survey after survey to demonstrate that people feel very positive about their college education, believing that it has made them better and more tolerant people.（真实主语）
3. 重点分析主语从句：
the vast majority of college graduates （主语）are willing to make survey after survey（谓语） to demonstrate（demonstrate之后是目的状语） that people feel very positive about their college education, .（demonstrate的宾语从句）believing that it has made them better and more tolerant people（现在分词短语作伴随状语）。
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it is a value judgment to say that a college education will make you a better person,but it is a value judgment that the vast majority of college graduates are willing to make survey after survey to demonstrate that people feel very positive about their college education,believing that it has made them better and more tolerant people.
参考译文：说大学教育会使你成为一个更好的人是一种价值判断，但大多数大学毕业生愿意进行一次又一次的调查来证明人们对他们的大学教育感到非常积极，认为这使他们成为更好、更宽容的人，这是一种价值判断。
(1)2个it形式主语，1个不定式真正主语，1个that从句真正主语
(2)believing...为现在分词作状语
(3)but为并列连词连接2个转折关系并列句
句子结构解析如下
(1)It is a value judgment to say that a college education will make you a better person, （不定式to say作真正主语，it为形式主语,不定式to say后接that宾语从句）
(2)It is a value judgment that the vast majority of college graduates are willing to make survey after survey to demonstrate that people feel very positive about their college education,believing that it has made them better and more tolerant people （that从句作真正主语，it为形式主语）
(3)believing that it has made them better and more tolerant people。（现在分词作状语）
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