Before meeting with lawmakers, Trump said the shutdown would last for “as long as it takes” as he pushes for wall money as part of any legislation to reopen agencies shuttered when their funding lapsed on Dec. 22.
这个句子确实值得研究一番:
The shutdown would last for as long as it takes.
【翻译】政府关门(政府停摆)的时间需要多长就会持续多长。
字面意思:政府关门持续的时间将会与它需要的时间一样长。
意思明白了。问题是:long 是个什么词?我们分析一下:
1. The shutdown would last for long.
2. The shutdown would last for as long as it takes.
句2 是由句1 变来的。
毫无疑问,句1的long 是名词,作介词for 的宾语。但是,到了句2 仍然作介词for 的宾语,同时也作了take的宾语,但是,词性变了,不再是名词。long 只有形容词或副词才用于比较结构as long as...,包括longer than... 因为只有等级形容词或副词,才可以形成比较,才可以有比较级,而名词无法形成比较。
这个现象叫“词性转嫁”。
意思是说:在一些特殊情况下,比较等级不再限于形容词或副词,而是转嫁到了名词、代词,甚至介词上面。
英语中有极少数名词,同时也是形容词或副词,才有这种“比较等级的词性转嫁”现象。又如:
It would probably take me long to finish the speech.
It would probably take me longer to finish the speech.
longer 是比较级,但它用作名词,作take 的宾语。
又如:
I live nearer the school than you. 我住得比你离学校近。
nearer 是near 的比较级。near 既是形容词、副词,也是介词。本句的nearer 本来是副词修饰live 的,即I live nearer to the school than you. 但现在却转嫁的介词上了:I live nearer the school than you.
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