了解动词用法最可靠的方法就是查词典。

注意到aim target intend mean这几个词都有被动形式，如be aimed at,be targeted at...但当主语是物时，主动和被动形式都有使用，请问有没有意义或用法上的区别

The paper is targeted specifically at young people. 

The adverts target yoof culture.

The company has targeted adults as its primary customers.  

这家公司将成年人作为其主要顾客。

Cluster bombs cannot be targeted precisely.  

集束炸弹无法被精确命中.

This novel was intended to be neither didactic nor aggressive.  

这部书的本意,既不想教训人,也不想攻击人.

This money is intended for the development of the tourist industry.  

这笔钱准备用于旅游业的开发。

Columns are usually intended in architecture to add grandeur and status

圆柱在建筑中通常用来增添气势和显示地位。

She intends to do A levels and go to university. 

她计划先参加高级考试，然后去读大学。

一个句子在以下2种情况下使用被动语态，其他情况用主动语态即可。

(1)不知道动作执行者/动作发出者是谁，或者不想说出来动作执行者是谁或者没有必要说出来动作执行者是谁。

主语+be aimed at doing sth主语旨在/目的是做某事

The new measures are aimed at tightening existing sanctions.  

新措施旨在加强现行的制裁。

主动结构：主语aim sth at sb主语把某物瞄准/对准某人

He was aiming the rifle at Wade.  

他将步枪瞄准了韦德。

主语+be aimed at doing sth 主语针对/指向某事/某人/某物。

His message was aimed at the undecided middle ground of Israeli politics. 

他所传达的信息针对的是以色列政局中尚未表态的中间派。

(2)强调动作承受者，或者动词接受者

The window was broken .

English is spoken around the world

备注：主动语态表达“主动主谓关系”，被动语态表达“被动主谓关系”