I wanted to see more of the world.
There were eighty of them.
I have plenty of time.
老师,数词+of,more of,plenty of..如何理解,of是介词,含有of的介词短语一般是作名词的定语的,A glass of,a bottle of,A piece of 一般是量词?
网友ruiqiang 对一个“含有of的名词词组”,哪是“中心词”,哪是“修饰语”分不清,我告诉你一个好办法。
通过逻辑来判断,分成两大类:
第一类:of 之后的成分为“修饰语”,of 之前的部分是“中心词”。
这类结构是:
① 数词(包括百分数)+ of + 名词(代词):
eighty of them
five percent of the population
【逻辑判断】为何数词是中心词,of 后面是修饰语?举例说明:
国外某地发生了空难,飞机上一共是100人,其中有80人遇难,幸运的是20人生还。我们说:Eighty of the passengers were killed.
这里,Eighty是中心词,of the passengers作定语。意思是“全部乘客中的80人遇难”,而不是都遇难了。这个道理应该好懂。
② 不定代词 + of + 名词(代词)
some of the people
many of us
a few of the students
all of the books
道理同上。
第二类:of 之前的成分为“修饰语”,of 之后的部分是“中心词”。
这类结构是:
① 表示概数的量名词 + of + 名词;
a number of children
a lot of knowledge
a great/good deal of water
a large amount of coal
plenty of time
【逻辑判断】道理很简单:I met a number of children. 我见到的是children,不是a number of。
② 容器测量型名词 + of + 名词:
下面这些表示“量概念”的名词:piece(一块),pile(一堆),drop(一滴),block(一大块),bag(一包),cup(一杯),box(一箱),bottle(一瓶),galss(一玻璃杯),basin(一盆),basket(一篮子),bar(一条),crowd(一群),group(一组),team(一队)等等。
“a +名词(表示量概念)+ of + 名词”,可以有复数形式。例如:a piece of news(一条消息)变成several pieces of news(几条消息)。
【逻辑判断】从结构上看,a piece 和pieces 似乎是中心词,介词短语of news 是修饰a piece 和pieces的。其实,从语义上理解则不然,news 才是真正的中心词, “一条消息”a piece of news中,你说哪个词重要?哪个是中心词?答案语言自明。我们把news作为中心词,把a piece of 看作定语。又如:
I drank a cup of tea. 我喝的是“茶”,不是“杯子”。哪个是中心词,哪个是修饰语,不言自明。
类似表达可以举出很多:
several bags of corn
several boxs of sweets
several bottles of wine
several cups of milk
several glasss of beer
several basins of water
several piles of bricks
several baskets of fruit
several sheets of paper
several drops of rain
several small bars of chocolate
several blocks of ice
several grains of sand
several crowds of people
several groups of children
several teams of players
several sums of money
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