①If he had not been promoted,he would never have remained with the company.
②If he had not been promoted,he would never remain with the company.
这两句的意思有区别吗? 是不是第一句的 主句用的是would have done 代表的意思是 如果他没有被提升,他就不会留在公司(之前过去的时候有留,然后没留了) 然后第二句的主句用的是would do是不是就是代表的意义就是 从之前一直留到现在?
虚拟语气表示与事实相反的假设,你只要考虑事实是什么,逻辑关系就清楚了。
①If he had not been promoted,he would never have remained with the company.
事实:He was promoted, so he remained with the company.
说话人关心的是过去,主句和从句都说的是过去的事。至于he现在是否还在这家公司工作不得而知,也不是说话人想让听话人知道的,听话人也没有必要去考虑这一点。
②If he had not been promoted,he would never remain with the company.
事实:He has been promoted, so he remains with the company.
从句的提拔是过去的事,主句他现在仍在这个公司工作是现在的事。这个句子是错综时间虚拟条件句。
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①If he had not been promoted,he would never have remained with the company.
②If he had not been promoted,he would never remain with the company.
这两句的意思有区别吗?
【答】没有区别。意思都是:如果他没有被提升,他就不会留在公司了。(事实是:他被提升,留在公司了。)
章振邦教授主编的《新编高级英语语法》P.172 对这种用法作了如下论述:
有时条件分句谓语动词用过去完成体,由于说话人侧重点不一样,主句谓语动词既可以用 would / should + 不定式一般形式,也可以用 would / should + 不定式完成体,含义无甚差别。例如:
I'd be there by now if I hadn't missed the bus.
I'd have been there by now if I hadn't missed the bus.
前一句着眼于现在时间,后一句着眼于过去时间。
①If he had not been promoted,he would never have remained with the company.
参考译文:如果他没有被提升,他绝不会留在这家公司。(虚拟假设)
事实为:他过去被提升了,他过去也继续留在了那家公司(事实)
解答如下:
以上条件虚拟句:
从句是对过去时间的假设/虚拟:从句使用了 “主语+had done”
主句是对过去时间的假设/虚拟 : 主句使用了“主语+would have done”
备注:以上称作为“时间一致虚拟条件句”
②If he had not been promoted,he would never remain with the company.
参考译文:如果他没有被提升,他现在绝不会留在这家公司。(虚拟假设)
事实为:他过去被提升了,他现在也继续留在了那家公司(事实)
以上条件虚拟句:
从句是对过去时间的假设/虚拟:从句使用了 “主语+had done”
主句是对现在时间假设/虚拟 : 主句使用了“主语+would do ”
备注:以上称作为“时间错综虚拟条件句”
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