once 用作连词,既可以表示“条件”(= if, as long as),也可以表示“时间”(=as soon as)。一般语法书,把它分别列入“引导条件从句”和“引导时间从句”的连词中。这需要具体语境具体判断,注意中文翻译。
下面援引词典中的例句,once 引导“条件从句”:
1. It isn't too difficult once you get the idea.
你一旦弄懂了,就不太难了。
来自柯林斯例句
2. You can't duck out once you've taken on a responsibility.
一旦承担起责任你就不能逃避。
来自柯林斯例句
3. It's easy, once you've got the knack.
你一旦掌握这个技能就容易了。
来自《权威词典》
4. Once you're stuck in deep snow, it's difficult to lever yourself out.
你一旦陷进深雪中, 那就很难出来。
来自《简明英汉词典》
5. Once you've given your word, don't try to back out.
一旦许下诺言, 就不要想翻悔。
来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
6. Once you begin you must continue.
你一旦开始,便不可停下来。
来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
7. Once we have promised, we should keep it.
一旦许下诺言,我们务必遵守。
8. We cannot move him from any decision once he has made it.
他一旦做出决定,我们就无法使他改变。
9. Remember, once you've signed the contract, there is no turning back.
记住,一旦签了合同,就不可能反悔了。
10. Once losing this chance,you can't easily find it.
一旦失去这次机会你就很难找回。
11. Once he is unemployed, he is done for.
他一旦失业就完蛋了。
来自《简明英汉词典》
12. Once he opens his mouth, he never stops.
他一旦打开话匣子就没个完。
来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
【重要说明】once 引导“条件从句”时,多用一般现在时,表示一种假设,未必实现。仔细体会上面的所有例句,即便含有“时间”概念,但表示“条件”的成分则更大!引导“时间从句”时,多为过去时,表示动作已经发生。例如:
He threw himself into work once he got back from his holidays. (= as soon as)他度假一回来就投身于工作。
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once 可以用作连词,表示 after( 在 ...... 之后)或 as soon as ( 一 ...... 就 ......)的意思。它常常暗指某事已经完成,并且通常和完成时连用。
Once you've passed your test I'll let you drive my car.
你考试通过了之后,我就让你开我的车。
Once he had found somewhere to live he started looking for work.
他找到住处之后,马上就开始找工作。
Once you know how to ride a bike you never forget it.
一旦你学会了骑自行车,就永远不会忘记怎么骑。
请注意:once 后边不能用 that ( 不能说:Once that you've passed your test ... )
(以上摘自《牛津英语用法指南》第三版394节)
Once you talk to him, you'll know he is a good person. 你只要和他谈谈,就会了解他是个好人。(摘自外研社、建宏《英汉多功能词典》)
所以, once 引导的是时间状语从句。
一旦…(就…); 一…(就…)
The decision had taken about 10 seconds once he'd read a market research study.
在他看过一份市场调研报告后大概10秒钟就作出了决定。
Once customers come to rely on these systems they almost never take their business elsewhere.
顾客一旦依赖上这些系统,几乎就不会光顾其他商家。
Once wholesale prices are deregulated, consumer prices will also rise.
一旦批发价格放开,零售价格也会随之上涨。
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