2 how much, how many 可以引导感叹句吗

请问专家:how much, how many 能不能引导感叹句

感觉有的人说可以,有的人说不可以,不知如何才好。如:

How much money (on the table)!

How many trees (on the hill)!

这样的句子对吗?


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最佳答案 2018-09-28 11:16

我觉得下面的句子是可以说的:

How much money (on the table)!

How many trees (on the hill)!

这类句子可视为省略了 there are 之类的结构,以上面的第二句为例:

How many trees (on the hill)!

→How many trees there are (on the hill)!

→How many trees we have planted (on the hill)!

类似的句子我在《薄冰英语用法问答1144例》的第912页查到一个:

How many times she had sat there! (薄冰教授同时在下文指出,此句来源于一位美国著名语法家)

当然,这类句子也可以改用更常见的 what a lot of...:

What a lot of money (on the table)!

What a lot of trees (on the hill)!



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其它 2 个回答

曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

how much money 和 how many trees 中的much 和 many 在现代语法被认为是后位限定词,但在传统语法被认为是代词的形容词用法,相当于形容词。

当形容词作名词的定语,同时需要造感叹句时,只有单数名词(即有不定冠词 a 存在的情况下)才可以用how引导感叹句,复数名词和不可数名词不能用后位,而要用what来引导感叹句。换句话说,感叹句中how对应陈述句中的so; 感叹句中的what对应陈述句中的such。例如:

陈述句:

He is a clever boy. He is such a clever boy. He is so clever a boy.

They are clever boys. They are such clever boys. 但不能说:They are so clever boys.

It is clean water. It is such clean water. 但不能说:It is so clean water.

感叹句:将such 改为what或将so改为how并将名词词组移至句首,句末改用感叹号。

How clever a boy (he is) ! (正)

What a clever boy (he is) ! (正)

What clever boys (they are) ! (正)

What clean water (it is) ! (正)

How clever boys (they are) ! (误)

How clean water (it is) ! (误)

但是,much和many 修饰名词(分别为不可数名词和复数名词)后,还可以用so强调much和many的程度:

He has so much money. He has such a lot of money.

There are so many trees. There are such a lot of trees.

由此我们可以推知,以上句子可以用how取代so或用what取代such, 改为感叹句:

How much money he has ! 

What a lot of money he has !

How many trees there are !

What a lot of trees there are !


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刘永科   - 教育出版集团英语总顾问 & 英语系列图书主编
擅长:语法理论,语言学,文化背景

我觉得,从道理上讲,只有形容词或副词,以及其他表示“程度”的副词,才可以用How 引出,才有可能构成感叹句。

鉴于此,How many ...只能表达数量上的疑问,无法表示程度,所以无法构成感叹句。How much ...除了表达数量上的疑问外,还可以表达程度,所以,可以构成感叹句。例如:

How much I think of you! 

我是多么想念你们啊!

感叹句用作名词性从句:

You can't begin to imagine how much that saddens me.  

你都无从想象这让我有多悲伤。



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  • goldroad   提出于 2018-09-24 11:09

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