曹老师您好,关于主语从句中it做形式主语的“主语从句”我有两个疑问,烦请您帮忙解答一下,谢谢您。
问题背景:
在学习主语从句时,遇到了it做形式主语的句子,并且各种市面的教学资料都是给出了“4种常用的句型”,分别是:
It+ is(系动词)+adj+ that从句
It+ is(系动词)+ n + that从句
It+不及物动词 + that从句
It+ is(系动词)+过去分词+ that从句
我的疑问是如下:
1. 列举这四类it做形式主语的主语从句句型基本都是“主系表”结构,然后主语后置。(这个我理解,因为主系表确实造成了主语从句“头重脚轻”的感觉)
但是不知道“主谓”和“主谓宾”等剩下句型结构是否也能转化为it作形式主语的主语从句?
2. 列举的这四类it做形式主语的主语从句中怎么基本都是从属连词that引导的“陈述句”后置,那么像whether作为从属连词,是否可以也进行如此的转换,那么还有连接代词what..等,以及连接副词when…等,是否也可以用it做形式主语来进行变换?
1 我们知道。名词性从句有四种:that从句(陈述分句)、疑问分句、感叹分句、名词性关系分句。除了名词性关系分句不能采用外置主语从句结构外,其它三种名词从句都可以采用外置结构。
1)That从句作外置主语从句(略)
2)疑问分句作外置主语从句:
It is unclear why/when she did that.
It doesn't matter who said that.
It remains a question whether he will come or not.
3) 感叹分句作外置主语从句:
It is incredible what a fuss some people make.
2 采用外置主语结构的目的是避免头重脚轻,因此,主句结构通常比较简单,多为主系表结构,但又不限于此。主句为SV或SVO结构也完全可以。例如:
It doesn't matter who said that. 主句为SV结构。
It embarrassed her that he was so angry. 主句为SVO结构。
It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone. 主句为SVA结构
3 例句分析
It depends on the weather whether we will go.
二个相同的发音读起来拗口,本句不宜采用外置结构。应改为:
Whether we will go depends on the weather.
It made us very happy that she was saved.
正确
It has been decided yet when they will start the project.
主句结构错误。应改为:
It is yet to be decided when they will start the project.
It hasn’t been decided who will be sent to work there.
正确
It was clear why he had asked for a conference.
正确
It doesn’t matter whether one is wealthy or not.
正确
It makes no difference whether one is wealthy or not.
正确
It was 1949 when I was born(不知道这个是时间状语从句还是主语从句?)
本句中的when从句为非限制性定语从句。
When I was born was 1949. 句子不通。
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