▲ prepare 和ready:词义相近,但词性不同,用法也不同。
1. 前者是动词,及物或不及物均可;后者是形容词,跟be连用:be ready。例如:
“你准备好了吗?”
Have you prepared?
Are you ready?
2. 表示“对...做好了准备”,都要加介词for,例如:
“你为考试做好准备了吗?”
Have you prepared for the exam?
Are you ready for the exam?
3. 如果宾语是“准备”的直接内容,这时,用“prepare + 宾语”。不能用prepare for或 be ready for。例如:
“她正在准备午饭。”
She is preparing lunch now. (这句话的含义是:“她正在准备午饭。” = “她正在做午饭。”)
▲ 比较:
She is preparing for lunch now. (这句话的含义是:她正在为午餐作准备,例如:购物,买菜,洗菜等)
She is ready for lunch now.(这句话的含义是:她准备好吃午餐了。)
▲ 关于prepare和prepare for,再做个比较:
prepare her lessons (指学生学习功课)
prepare for her lessons(指老师备课;为上课做准备)
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prepare和ready都可以表示“准备”的意思,但是两者的搭配和用法不同:
prepare 只能作动词。常见搭配有:
1.prepare (for) sth.(for可以省略): We must prepare (for) the party. 我们必须为聚会做准备。/ prepare (for) one's lessons 预习功课
2. prepare A for B 为B准备A:I prepared my speech for the meeting. 我为集会准备演讲稿。
3. prepare sb. to do sth.为某人做某事做准备:Mother is preparing Father to enter the hospital. 母亲正在为父亲入院做准备。
4. prepare to do sth. 准备做某事:Have you prepared to go on a trip? 你已准备好去旅行了吗?
5. prepare sb. for sth./to do sth. I prepared him for the bad news.我教他做好接受那坏消息的心理准备。/ I'll prepare her to face the difficulty.我要教她准备面对困难。/ prepare oneself for death (= prepare oneself to die)准备一死
ready 可以作形容词或者动词。
1. 作形容词: Is dinner ready? 晚餐准备好了吗? Everything is ready for the party.有关聚会的一切事宜已准备妥当。 We are ready for work. 我们已准备好动手工作。I am ready to go. 我已准备出发了。 She got [made] ready for departure.= She got [made] ready to depart. 她做好出发的准备。She is getting dinner ready.她正在准备晚餐。
2. 作动词: ready oneself for ... 做......的准备。
【说明】此解答中的例句摘自外研社 建宏《英汉多功能词典》