(1)主语=subject(句子陈述对象;动作发出者)
(2)谓语 =predicate(陈述主语的动作或者状态,主语发出的动作)
(3)宾语 =object(动作的支配对象,动作承受者)
(4)表语 =predicative(用来说明主语的身份,特性,状态)
(5)定语 =attributive(用来修饰名词/代词;说明名词/代词特点特征)
(6)状语 =adverbial(修饰形容词,副词,以及动词并说明动作特点特征,以及 动作发生方式,条件,原因,地点,等)
(7)补足语 =complement(补充主语和宾语)
(8)同位语 =apposition(用来补充解释说明主语,宾语,表语的
(9)称呼语:salutation; form of address(表示人事物称呼)
(10)插入语= parathesis(句子独立成分,陈述一种观点)
在英语中,主语是一个句子叙述主体即句子的陈述对象或者用来描述动作的发出者或者动作的承受者。可以作主语的有名词,代词,数词,动名词,不定式,,名词化的形容词,短语以及连词引导从句充当。
主语的8不同表现形式
【1】名词作主语
(1)名词作主语
Horses are a kind of useful animals.
马是一种有用的动物。
David arrived last night.
大卫昨晚到达。
Tom ate an apple just now.
汤姆刚才吃了一个苹果。
Pride goes before a fall.
骄必败。
Failure is the mother of success.
失败时成功之母。
(2)名词短语作主语
Many people are watching an exciting basketball match.
很多人正在观看一场令人兴奋的篮球比赛。
There are more than two thousand students in our school.
在我们学校里有两千多名学生。
备注:带有修饰或者限定的名词称作为名词短语。
【2】代词作主语
(1)人称主格代词
She is a doctor.
她是一名医生。
They are in the classroom.
他们在教室里。
I ate two apples just now.
我刚才吃了两个苹果。
It is a cute cat.
它使一只可爱的猫。
They planted some trees on the mountain.
他们昨天在山上种了一些树。
(2)名词性物主代词
Ours is a big family.
我们家人口很多。
My parents are poor and hers are also poor.
我的父母很穷,她的父母也一样。
(3)指示代词
This is my mother and that is my father.
这个是我的妈妈那个是我的爸爸。
These are apples and those are oranges
这些是苹果那些是橘子。
(4)疑问代词
What made you so angry?
什么事情使你如此生气?
What happened to you?
你发生了什么事情?
Who took away my book?
谁拿走了我的书?
Who is speaking, please?
(在电话中)请问您是谁?
(5) 连接代词
I don’t know who took away your book?
我不知道谁拿走了你的书?
(6)关系代词
He is the person who took away my book.
他就是拿走我的书的那个人。
【3】数词作主语
(1)基数词
Two will be enough.
两个就够了。
Five is smaller than eight.
五要比八小.
Three is an odd number and four is an even number.
三是一个奇数 四是一个偶数
(2)序数词
The first is better than the second.
第一个好比第二个更好。
(3)分数词
Two-thirds of the workers are women.
三分之二的工人是女工。
20 to 40 per cent of the voters are undecided...
20%到40%的选民还犹豫不决。
【4】动名词作主语
(1)动名词作主语
Skating is good exercise.
溜冰是很好的运动。
Seeing is believing. =To see is to believe.
眼见为实
(2)动名词短语作主语
Smoking here is not allowed.
这里不允许抽烟。
Learning English well is very important.
学好英语非常重要。
Looking up all the new words in the dictionary took him a lot of time.
从字典里查所有的生词花费了他许多时间。
备注:带有逻辑状语和逻辑宾语的动名词称作为动名词短语。
【5】不定式作主语
(1)动词不定式作主语
To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing.
眼见为实
To say is easier than to do.
说比做要容易。
(2)动词不定式短语作主语
To translate this ideal into reality needs hard work.
把理想转变成现实需要辛勤的劳动。
To become a singer is her dream.
成为一个歌手是她的梦想。
备注:带有逻辑状语和逻辑宾语/表语的动词不定式称作为动词不定式短语。
【6】名词化的形容词作主语(定冠词the+adj.形容词)
The blind and the lame are well cared for in our country.
在我们国家,盲人和肢残人受到很好的照顾。
The unemployed usually lead a hard life.
失业的人生活一般很困难。
The rich should help the poor.
富人应该 帮助穷人。
【7】短语作主语
How to do well is an important question.
如何把这件事做好是一个重要问题。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.
早睡早起身体好。
【8】从句作主语
What has happened proves that our policy is right.
发生的一切证明我们的政策是对的。
Whether we'll go depends on the weather.
我们是否去要看天气。
备注:用来充当主句主语的从句称作为主语从句。
如果觉得我的回答对您有用,请随意打赏。你的支持将鼓励我继续创作!